Battery-material producer identified by Amnesty as a historical Huayou cobalt customer.
Sources support the description and the individual connections below. Publication and checking dates refer to the evidence, not a guarantee of current operations.
Reported means the cited source describes the relationship at its evidence date. Historical relationships refer to an earlier period. Announced agreements may not have been implemented. None of these labels confirms that trade continues today.
Amnesty identified Tianjin Bamo as a buyer of Huayou cobalt using 2013 sales records. This is a historical customer relationship, not current supply verification.
Huayou Cobalt supplies cobalt to three lithium-ion battery component manufacturers Ningbo Shanshan and Tianjin Bamo from China and L&F Materials from South Korea.
CDM is a wholly and directly owned subsidiary of Huayou Cobalt.