{ "metadata": { "schemaVersion": "1.1", "snapshotDate": "2026-09-17", "title": "Cobalt Hub curated sector snapshot", "description": { "en": "Public-source research snapshot. Reported relationships are dated; this is not a live shipping ledger or a managed production database.", "fr": "Instantané documentaire de sources publiques. Les relations sont datées ; ce jeu ne constitue ni un registre de livraisons en direct ni une base de production administrée." }, "inputs": [ { "name": "core-evidence", "sha256": "ebfbeb64c4fe14fe22595df16770cbe05e08cf83871618ce2f84fea42c8d82d7" }, { "name": "site-inventory", "sha256": "13616bfb06fcc75f1939c3ebf8c765adea152b7552d19780316678f052bc26ab" }, { "name": "trade-evidence", "sha256": "3c77011a01f6b58e3c822812a4c9b59a5c76a931728cb9359ac2092c4179662e" }, { "name": "gecamines-evidence", "sha256": "050a3efeaaa2e153563caada4e9f6b81d785c6d3800b6160e6774df56eea31ea" }, { "name": "civil-society-evidence", "sha256": "5df4cc661419e128be0d04ffcb40e6ea305e293512f0d2454eece4c266f5bfe7" }, { "name": "downstream-evidence", "sha256": "bf97944de66edeb48dc851c30a026dff804ce8da184d7946324accd949f12859" } ], "counts": { "entities": 122, "mineSites": 36, "relationships": 117, "sources": 88 }, "coverage": { "registryOnlySites": 20, "entitiesWithOneSource": 55, "relationshipsWithOneSource": 82 }, "relationshipDirection": { "OPERATES": "operator → mine site", "OWNS": "owner → owned entity or site", "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT": "supplier → contracted buyer or marketer", "SUPPLIES_TO": "supplier → recipient", "PROCESSES_FOR": "processor → client", "SUPPORTS": "supporting actor → supported entity or site", "PLANNED_ORIGIN_FOR": "named prospective origin → recipient (not a shipment claim)", "MARKETS_FOR": "marketing-right holder → producer represented", "MARKETING_ALLOCATION": "allocating actor → appointed marketer", "DISCLOSED_IN_SUPPLY_CHAIN_OF": "disclosed upstream actor → named downstream company (supplier- or buyer-reported inclusion, not a direct delivery claim)", "PROPOSED_SUPPLY_TO": "supplier → prospective buyer under a nonbinding supply MoU, LOI or preliminary agreement (not delivered material)" }, "provenanceNote": "Source counts refer to unique exact document URLs, not independent publishers. Endpoint source lists include evidence establishing relationships; every source need not support every sentence about that entity. Announced agreements do not prove execution or physical shipments." }, "entities": [ { "id": "afrewatch", "name": "AFREWATCH", "kind": "ngo", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Lubumbashi extractive-sector watchdog researching industrial cobalt impacts around Kolwezi with RAID.", "fr": "Organisation de veille extractive de Lubumbashi étudiant avec RAID les effets du cobalt industriel autour de Kolwezi." }, "sourceIds": [ "nashiriki-afrewatch", "raid-beneath-green-2024" ], "province": "Haut-Katanga and Lualaba", "externalProfileUrl": "https://nashiriki.com/champions/afrewatch/" }, { "id": "asm-cobalt-framework", "name": "ASM Cobalt Framework", "kind": "initiative", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "IMPACT’s 2022–2023 report records workshops on framework criteria, publication and piloting.", "fr": "Le rapport 2022–2023 d’IMPACT documente des ateliers sur les critères, la publication et le pilotage du cadre." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-annual-2022-2023" ] }, { "id": "biwaya", "name": "Biwaya", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal working in Mutshatsha, Lualaba, recorded in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt-sector survey (p.173). The registry does not establish current production or the site-specific copper/cobalt split.", "fr": "Chantier artisanal de Mutshatsha, au Lualaba, recensé dans l’étude ITIE-RDC 2025 de la filière cuivre-cobalt (p.173). Le registre ne confirme ni une production actuelle ni la répartition cuivre/cobalt du site." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "territory": "Mutshatsha", "reportedMiningTitle": "PE2605", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-05", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "sector-register only; site commodity split unresolved", "fr": "Registre sectoriel uniquement ; répartition des minerais du site non établie" } }, { "id": "bloom-by-impact", "name": "Bloom by IMPACT", "kind": "initiative", "country": "Not established", "description": { "en": "Monitoring platform supporting Her Security.", "fr": "Plateforme de suivi soutenant Her Security." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-annual-2022-2023", "impact-her-security-2025" ], "actorType": "monitoring-platform" }, { "id": "bon-pasteur-kolwezi", "name": "Bon Pasteur Kolwezi", "kind": "ngo", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Kolwezi nonprofit supporting children and women in cobalt-mining communities; partner in both Her Security phases.", "fr": "ONG de Kolwezi soutenant les enfants et les femmes des communautés minières du cobalt ; partenaire des deux phases de Her Security." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-her-security-2022", "impact-her-security-2025", "impact-her-security-phase1", "impact-her-security-project", "nashiriki-bon-pasteur" ], "province": "Lualaba", "externalProfileUrl": "https://nashiriki.com/champions/bon-pasteur/" }, { "id": "bridon", "name": "Bridon", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal working in Mutshatsha, Lualaba, recorded in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt-sector survey (p.173). The registry does not establish current production or the site-specific copper/cobalt split.", "fr": "Chantier artisanal de Mutshatsha, au Lualaba, recensé dans l’étude ITIE-RDC 2025 de la filière cuivre-cobalt (p.173). Le registre ne confirme ni une production actuelle ni la répartition cuivre/cobalt du site." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "territory": "Mutshatsha", "reportedMiningTitle": null, "evidenceAsOf": "2025-05", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "sector-register only; site commodity split unresolved", "fr": "Registre sectoriel uniquement ; répartition des minerais du site non établie" } }, { "id": "cdm", "name": "Congo Dongfang International Mining (CDM)", "kind": "refiner", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Congolese cobalt processor documented as a Huayou subsidiary and historical supplier to China.", "fr": "Transformateur congolais de cobalt documenté comme filiale de Huayou et fournisseur historique vers la Chine." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites", "jogmec-kasulo-2021", "trade-amnesty-cobalt-news-2016", "trade-amnesty-cobalt-report-2016", "trade-huayou-cdm-2024" ] }, { "id": "chemaf", "name": "Chemaf", "kind": "producer", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Congolese copper-cobalt operator associated with Mutoshi and Etoile. Semafor reported production halted in July 2026.", "fr": "Exploitant congolais de cuivre-cobalt associé à Mutoshi et Étoile. Semafor signalait l’arrêt de production en juillet 2026." }, "sourceIds": [ "amnesty-industrial-2023", "chemaf-etoile", "lloyds-chemaf-completed-2026", "semafor-chemaf-operations-2026", "trade-che-maf-trafigura-2022", "trade-pact-mutoshi-2019", "trade-trafigura-responsibility-2018", "usgs-drc-2024" ] }, { "id": "cmbrd", "name": "CMBRD", "kind": "cooperative", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Cooperative linked to Mutoshi in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt report; spelling retained from the cited section.", "fr": "Coopérative associée à Mutoshi dans le rapport cuivre-cobalt 2025 de l’ITIE-RDC; graphie conservée de la section citée." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ] }, { "id": "cmds", "name": "CMDS", "kind": "cooperative", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Cooperative linked to Kamilombe in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt report; spelling retained from the cited section.", "fr": "Coopérative associée à Kamilombe dans le rapport cuivre-cobalt 2025 de l’ITIE-RDC; graphie conservée de la section citée." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites", "fca-local" ] }, { "id": "cmejl", "name": "CMEJL", "kind": "cooperative", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Cooperative linked to Kawama Papsy in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt report; spelling retained from the cited section.", "fr": "Coopérative associée à Kawama Papsy dans le rapport cuivre-cobalt 2025 de l’ITIE-RDC; graphie conservée de la section citée." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ] }, { "id": "cmoc", "name": "CMOC Group", "kind": "producer", "country": "China", "description": { "en": "Copper-cobalt group with majority interests in Tenke Fungurume and Kisanfu.", "fr": "Groupe cuprifère et cobaltifère majoritaire dans Tenke Fungurume et Kisanfu." }, "sourceIds": [ "cmoc-drc", "cmoc-kfm-history", "raid-environment-2024", "raid-labour-2025", "trade-cmoc-h1-2021", "trade-cmoc-ixm-tfm-2022", "trade-cmoc-results-2023", "trade-ixm-presentation-2025", "usgs-drc-2024" ] }, { "id": "cngr", "name": "CNGR Advanced Material", "kind": "manufacturer", "country": "China", "description": { "en": "Ternary-precursor manufacturer with a disclosed long-term LG Chem contract signed in 2023.", "fr": "Fabricant de précurseurs ternaires ayant annoncé un contrat à long terme avec LG Chem en 2023." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-cngr-lg-2023" ] }, { "id": "cnmc", "name": "China Nonferrous Metal Mining Group (CNMC)", "kind": "producer", "country": "China", "description": { "en": "Mining group identifying Deziwa as a copper-cobalt investment in the DRC.", "fr": "Groupe minier présentant Deziwa comme un investissement cuivre-cobalt en RDC." }, "sourceIds": [ "cnmc-deziwa", "raid-labour-2025", "usgs-drc-2024" ] }, { "id": "codmco-espoir", "name": "CODMCO ESPOIR", "kind": "cooperative", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Cooperative linked to Kasulo in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt report; spelling retained from the cited section.", "fr": "Coopérative associée à Kasulo dans le rapport cuivre-cobalt 2025 de l’ITIE-RDC; graphie conservée de la section citée." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ] }, { "id": "coexisting-for-sustainability", "name": "Coexisting for Sustainability", "kind": "initiative", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "IMPACT programme launched in Kolwezi in August 2026 to improve dialogue between artisanal and industrial copper-cobalt actors. Twenty cooperatives is a planned target.", "fr": "Programme d’IMPACT lancé à Kolwezi en août 2026 pour améliorer le dialogue entre acteurs artisanaux et industriels du cuivre-cobalt. Vingt coopératives constituent un objectif." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-coexisting-launch-2026", "impact-coexisting-project" ], "province": "Lualaba and Haut-Katanga", "programmeStart": "2026", "programmePlannedEnd": "2028", "profileSlug": "coexisting-for-sustainability" }, { "id": "comakat", "name": "COMAKAT", "kind": "cooperative", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Cooperative linked to Kawama Shabara in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt report; spelling retained from the cited section.", "fr": "Coopérative associée à Kawama Shabara dans le rapport cuivre-cobalt 2025 de l’ITIE-RDC; graphie conservée de la section citée." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ] }, { "id": "comiakol", "name": "COMIAKOL", "kind": "cooperative", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Cooperative linked to Mutoshi in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt report; spelling retained from the cited section.", "fr": "Coopérative associée à Mutoshi dans le rapport cuivre-cobalt 2025 de l’ITIE-RDC; graphie conservée de la section citée." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites", "trade-pact-mutoshi-2019", "trade-pact-mutoshi-suspended-2020", "trade-trafigura-annual-2021", "trade-trafigura-responsibility-2018" ] }, { "id": "comiau", "name": "COMIAU", "kind": "cooperative", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Cooperative linked to Mutoshi in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt report; spelling retained from the cited section.", "fr": "Coopérative associée à Mutoshi dans le rapport cuivre-cobalt 2025 de l’ITIE-RDC; graphie conservée de la section citée." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ] }, { "id": "comibakat", "name": "COMIBAKAT", "kind": "cooperative", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Cooperative linked to Tilwezembe in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt report; spelling retained from the cited section.", "fr": "Coopérative associée à Tilwezembe dans le rapport cuivre-cobalt 2025 de l’ITIE-RDC; graphie conservée de la section citée." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ] }, { "id": "comiku", "name": "COMIKU", "kind": "cooperative", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Cooperative linked to Kasulo in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt report; spelling retained from the cited section.", "fr": "Coopérative associée à Kasulo dans le rapport cuivre-cobalt 2025 de l’ITIE-RDC; graphie conservée de la section citée." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ] }, { "id": "commus", "name": "COMMUS", "kind": "producer", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Company operating the Kolwezi copper-cobalt mine; reported as a Zijin and Gécamines venture.", "fr": "Société exploitant la mine de cuivre et de cobalt de Kolwezi ; présentée comme une coentreprise de Zijin et Gécamines." }, "sourceIds": [ "amnesty-industrial-2023", "raid-environment-2024", "raid-labour-2025", "usgs-drc-2024", "zijin-kolwezi" ] }, { "id": "deziwa", "name": "Deziwa", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Copper-cobalt mine associated with Somidez and CNMC; both company and independent sources document the operation.", "fr": "Mine de cuivre et de cobalt associée à Somidez et CNMC ; l’exploitation est documentée par l’entreprise et des sources indépendantes." }, "sourceIds": [ "cnmc-deziwa", "raid-labour-2025", "usgs-drc-2024" ], "province": "Lualaba", "miningType": "industrial" }, { "id": "dyfren", "name": "DYFREN", "kind": "ngo", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Women’s natural-resource organisation in the Haut-Katanga and Lualaba copper-cobalt belt, based in Lubumbashi.", "fr": "Organisation féminine des ressources naturelles basée à Lubumbashi, dans la ceinture cuivre-cobalt du Haut-Katanga et du Lualaba." }, "sourceIds": [ "nashiriki-dyfren" ], "province": "Haut-Katanga and Lualaba", "externalProfileUrl": "https://nashiriki.com/champions/dyfren/" }, { "id": "ecopro", "name": "EcoPro", "kind": "manufacturer", "country": "South Korea", "description": { "en": "EcoPro group, named counterparty in GEM's 2022 precursor memorandum; kept distinct from EcoPro BM.", "fr": "Groupe EcoPro, cocontractant cité dans le protocole précurseurs GEM de 2022 ; distinct d’EcoPro BM." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-gem-ecopro-2022" ] }, { "id": "ecopro-bm", "name": "EcoPro BM", "kind": "manufacturer", "country": "South Korea", "description": { "en": "Cathode-material manufacturer buying NCA/NCM precursors and contracting with Samsung SDI.", "fr": "Fabricant de cathodes achetant des précurseurs NCA/NCM et contractant avec Samsung SDI." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-ecoprobm-history", "down-electrive-ecoprobm-2023", "down-gem-ecoprobm-2024", "down-gem-h1-2024", "down-kjd-ecoprobm-2023" ] }, { "id": "egc", "name": "Entreprise Générale du Cobalt", "kind": "trader", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Congolese state-backed artisanal cobalt commercialization company, party to the 2020 agreement and 2026 proposed US supply framework.", "fr": "Entreprise congolaise soutenue par l’État pour la commercialisation du cobalt artisanal, partie à l’accord de 2020 et au projet d’approvisionnement américain de 2026." }, "sourceIds": [ "gecamines-subsidiaries", "mercuria-egc-first-2026", "mercuria-kasulo-mou-2026", "trade-egc-evelution-trafigura-mou-2026", "trade-egc-trafigura-2020", "trade-trafigura-annual-2021" ] }, { "id": "eiti-drc", "name": "EITI-DRC / ITIE-RDC", "kind": "initiative", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Extractive-transparency initiative implementing Her Security alongside IMPACT and Bon Pasteur.", "fr": "Initiative de transparence extractive mettant en œuvre Her Security avec IMPACT et Bon Pasteur." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-her-security-2025", "impact-her-security-project" ], "actorType": "multi-stakeholder-standard" }, { "id": "electra-battery-materials", "name": "Electra Battery Materials", "kind": "refiner", "country": "Canada", "description": { "en": "Developer of a Canadian cobalt-sulfate refinery; 2026 disclosures schedule commissioning and commercial production for 2027.", "fr": "Développeur d’une raffinerie canadienne de sulfate de cobalt ; les communications de 2026 prévoient le démarrage industriel en 2027." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-electra-erg-2024", "down-electra-glencore-2026", "down-electra-lg-2026" ] }, { "id": "eprm", "name": "European Partnership for Responsible Minerals", "kind": "initiative", "country": "Not established", "description": { "en": "Sponsor of Holistic Due Diligence.", "fr": "Sponsor de la diligence raisonnable holistique." }, "sourceIds": [ "nashiriki-hdd" ], "actorType": "multi-stakeholder-partnership" }, { "id": "erg", "name": "Eurasian Resources Group (ERG)", "kind": "producer", "country": "Luxembourg", "description": { "en": "Group operating Metalkol’s copper-cobalt tailings recovery project.", "fr": "Groupe exploitant le projet de retraitement des résidus cuivre-cobalt de Metalkol." }, "sourceIds": [ "amnesty-industrial-2023", "down-electra-erg-2024", "down-electra-glencore-2026", "down-erg-japan-2024", "down-evelution-erg-2023", "down-evelution-mitsui-2026", "erg-cobalt", "erg-tailings", "raid-environment-2024", "raid-labour-2025", "usgs-drc-2024" ] }, { "id": "etoile", "name": "Etoile", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Chemaf copper-cobalt operation near Lubumbashi. Its processing plant was reported shut on 29 July 2026.", "fr": "Exploitation cuivre-cobalt de Chemaf près de Lubumbashi. Son usine était signalée à l’arrêt le 29 juillet 2026." }, "sourceIds": [ "chemaf-etoile", "lloyds-chemaf-completed-2026", "semafor-chemaf-operations-2026", "trade-che-maf-trafigura-2022", "usgs-drc-2024" ], "province": "Haut-Katanga", "miningType": "industrial" }, { "id": "european-union", "name": "European Union", "kind": "public-body", "country": "Supranational", "description": { "en": "Funder of Her Security and historical cobalt Mapping Payments work.", "fr": "Bailleur de Her Security et du travail historique Mapping Payments sur le cobalt." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-annual-2022-2023", "impact-her-security-2025" ], "actorType": "public-funder" }, { "id": "evelution-energy", "name": "EVelution Energy", "kind": "refiner", "country": "United States", "description": { "en": "Developer of a proposed Arizona cobalt refinery; 2026 MoU is conditional and does not establish operating production.", "fr": "Développeur d’un projet de raffinerie de cobalt en Arizona ; le protocole de 2026 est conditionnel et n’établit pas une production en activité." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-evelution-erg-2023", "down-evelution-glencore-2024", "down-evelution-mitsui-2026", "trade-egc-evelution-trafigura-mou-2026" ] }, { "id": "fair-cobalt-alliance", "name": "Fair Cobalt Alliance", "kind": "initiative", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Initiative assisting CMDS and Kamilombe miners with site improvements.", "fr": "Initiative accompagnant CMDS et les mineurs de Kamilombe pour améliorer le site." }, "sourceIds": [ "fca-local", "nashiriki-hdd" ] }, { "id": "gecamines", "name": "Gécamines", "kind": "producer", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "State-owned mining group with cobalt interests and commercialisation rights in joint ventures.", "fr": "Groupe minier public détenant des intérêts dans le cobalt et des droits de commercialisation au sein de coentreprises." }, "sourceIds": [ "gecamines-kambove-allocation-2026", "gecamines-mercuria-2025", "gecamines-subsidiaries", "mercuria-kasulo-mou-2026" ] }, { "id": "gem", "name": "GEM", "kind": "refiner", "country": "China", "description": { "en": "Cobalt processing and recycling company named in a Glencore supply contract covering 2020–2024.", "fr": "Entreprise de transformation et recyclage du cobalt citée dans un contrat Glencore couvrant 2020–2024." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-ecoprobm-history", "down-gem-ecopro-2022", "down-gem-ecoprobm-2024", "down-gem-h1-2024", "down-gem-xtc-2022", "trade-glencore-gem-2019" ] }, { "id": "general-motors", "name": "General Motors", "kind": "manufacturer", "country": "United States", "description": { "en": "Vehicle manufacturer named as buyer in LG Chem cathode-material supply agreements.", "fr": "Constructeur automobile désigné comme acheteur dans des accords de cathodes avec LG Chem." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-lg-gm-2022", "down-lg-gm-2025" ] }, { "id": "glencore", "name": "Glencore", "kind": "producer", "country": "Switzerland", "description": { "en": "Mining and trading group operating the KCC and Mutanda copper-cobalt assets.", "fr": "Groupe minier et de négoce exploitant les actifs cuivre-cobalt KCC et Mutanda." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-electra-glencore-2026", "down-evelution-glencore-2024", "down-gem-h1-2024", "down-sk-glencore-2022", "down-yonhap-sk-2019", "glencore-drc-operations", "raid-environment-2024", "raid-labour-2025", "trade-glencore-gem-2019", "trade-glencore-orion-mou-2026", "trade-glencore-samsung-2020", "trade-glencore-umicore-2019", "trade-resource-pilot-2021", "usgs-drc-2024" ] }, { "id": "good-shepherd-international-foundation", "name": "Good Shepherd International Foundation", "kind": "ngo", "country": "Italy", "description": { "en": "Italy-based foundation collaborating on Her Security.", "fr": "Fondation italienne collaborant à Her Security." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-her-security-2022", "impact-her-security-2025", "impact-her-security-phase1" ] }, { "id": "government-canada", "name": "Government of Canada", "kind": "public-body", "country": "Canada", "description": { "en": "Funds IMPACT’s Coexisting for Sustainability programme.", "fr": "Finance le programme Coexisting for Sustainability d’IMPACT." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-coexisting-launch-2026" ], "actorType": "public-funder" }, { "id": "her-security", "name": "Her Security", "kind": "initiative", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "IMPACT’s 2024–2028 programme addressing women’s livelihoods and child labour in artisanal copper-cobalt communities.", "fr": "Programme 2024–2028 d’IMPACT sur les moyens de subsistance des femmes et le travail des enfants dans les communautés cuivre-cobalt artisanales." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-her-security-2025", "impact-her-security-project" ], "province": "Lualaba and Haut-Katanga", "programmeStart": "2024", "programmePlannedEnd": "2028", "profileSlug": "her-security" }, { "id": "her-security-phase-1", "name": "Her Security — Phase 1", "kind": "initiative", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Completed 2022–2023 research on women’s security and child labour in cobalt communities.", "fr": "Recherche achevée en 2022–2023 sur la sécurité des femmes et le travail des enfants dans les communautés du cobalt." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-annual-2022-2023", "impact-her-security-2022", "impact-her-security-phase1" ], "province": "Lualaba", "programmeStart": "2022", "programmeEnd": "2023" }, { "id": "hive", "name": "Hive", "kind": "service-provider", "country": "Not established", "description": { "en": "Coordinator of Holistic Due Diligence.", "fr": "Coordinateur de la diligence raisonnable holistique." }, "sourceIds": [ "nashiriki-hdd" ], "actorType": "programme-coordinator" }, { "id": "holistic-due-diligence", "name": "Holistic Due Diligence", "kind": "initiative", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Programme connecting local due-diligence information, responsible mineral sourcing and access to finance.", "fr": "Programme reliant information locale de diligence, approvisionnement responsable en minerais et accès au financement." }, "sourceIds": [ "nashiriki-hdd", "nashiriki-la-sentinelle" ], "profileSlug": "holistic-due-diligence" }, { "id": "huayou-cobalt", "name": "Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt", "kind": "refiner", "country": "China", "description": { "en": "Cobalt processing group linked to CDM and historically documented battery-material customers.", "fr": "Groupe de transformation du cobalt lié à CDM et à des clients de matériaux pour batteries documentés historiquement." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-huayou-lg-2023", "down-stellantis-refiners-2022", "trade-amnesty-cobalt-news-2016", "trade-amnesty-cobalt-report-2016", "trade-huayou-cdm-2024" ] }, { "id": "hunan-brunp", "name": "Hunan Brunp Recycling Technology", "kind": "refiner", "country": "China", "description": { "en": "Chinese refiner named in Stellantis's April 2022 cobalt supply-chain disclosure.", "fr": "Raffineur chinois cité dans la liste cobalt de Stellantis d’avril 2022." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-stellantis-refiners-2022" ] }, { "id": "impact", "name": "IMPACT", "kind": "ngo", "country": "Canada", "description": { "en": "Canadian nonprofit working on resource governance and artisanal cobalt programmes in DRC.", "fr": "ONG canadienne active dans la gouvernance des ressources et les programmes de cobalt artisanal en RDC." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-about", "impact-annual-2022-2023", "impact-coexisting-launch-2026", "impact-coexisting-project", "impact-her-security-2022", "impact-her-security-2025", "impact-her-security-phase1", "impact-her-security-project" ], "officialUrl": "https://impacttransform.org/" }, { "id": "ixm", "name": "IXM", "kind": "trader", "country": "Switzerland", "description": { "en": "CMOC trading subsidiary reported in 2022 to market all TFM copper and cobalt products.", "fr": "Filiale de négoce de CMOC, déclarée en 2022 responsable de commercialiser tous les produits cuivre et cobalt de TFM." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-cmoc-h1-2021", "trade-cmoc-ixm-tfm-2022", "trade-cmoc-results-2023", "trade-ixm-presentation-2025" ] }, { "id": "jinchuan", "name": "Jinchuan International", "kind": "producer", "country": "Hong Kong", "description": { "en": "Mining group listing Ruashi and Musonoi as its DRC copper-cobalt operations.", "fr": "Groupe minier présentant Ruashi et Musonoi comme ses exploitations cuivre-cobalt en RDC." }, "sourceIds": [ "jinchuan-mines", "jinchuan-musonoi-commercial-2025", "metorex-musonoi", "usgs-drc-2024" ] }, { "id": "jingmen-gem", "name": "Jingmen GEM", "kind": "refiner", "country": "China", "description": { "en": "Chinese cobalt refiner listed by Stellantis in April 2022; this legal entity is distinct from the GEM group.", "fr": "Raffineur chinois de cobalt recensé par Stellantis en avril 2022 ; cette entité juridique est distincte du groupe GEM." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-stellantis-refiners-2022" ] }, { "id": "kabolela-artisanal", "name": "Kabolela — artisanal workings", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal working in Lubudi, Lualaba, recorded in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt-sector survey (p.173). The registry does not establish current production or the site-specific copper/cobalt split.", "fr": "Chantier artisanal de Lubudi, au Lualaba, recensé dans l’étude ITIE-RDC 2025 de la filière cuivre-cobalt (p.173). Le registre ne confirme ni une production actuelle ni la répartition cuivre/cobalt du site." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "territory": "Lubudi", "reportedMiningTitle": "PE496", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-05", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "sector-register only; site commodity split unresolved", "fr": "Registre sectoriel uniquement ; répartition des minerais du site non établie" } }, { "id": "kambove-mining", "name": "Kambove Mining", "kind": "producer", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "CNMC–Gécamines joint venture named as origin of copper-cobalt lots allocated in the January 2026 notice. Distinct from COMIKA and the wider Kambove district.", "fr": "Coentreprise CNMC–Gécamines citée comme origine des lots cuivre-cobalt attribués dans le communiqué de janvier 2026. Distincte de COMIKA et du district de Kambove." }, "sourceIds": [ "gecamines-kambove-allocation-2026" ] }, { "id": "kamilombe", "name": "Kamilombe", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal copper-cobalt site near Kapata/Kolwezi, listed at PE11599 in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 survey. CMDS operates the site; the FCA independently describes its role. No current production volume is asserted.", "fr": "Site artisanal de cuivre-cobalt près de Kapata/Kolwezi, recensé sur PE11599 par l’ITIE-RDC en 2025. CMDS exploite le site; la Fair Cobalt Alliance (FCA) décrit également son rôle. Aucun volume actuel n’est affirmé." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites", "fca-local" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "territory": "Mutshatsha", "reportedMiningTitle": "PE11599", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-05", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "site-specific copper and cobalt", "fr": "Cuivre et cobalt attestés pour ce site" } }, { "id": "kamoto-underground", "name": "Kamoto Underground (KTO)", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Copper-cobalt mine listed within KCC’s operations in the USGS 2024 industry review.", "fr": "Mine de cuivre et de cobalt recensée parmi les exploitations de KCC dans le bilan USGS pour 2024." }, "sourceIds": [ "usgs-drc-2024" ], "province": "Lualaba", "miningType": "industrial" }, { "id": "kansama", "name": "Kansama", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal working in Mutshatsha, Lualaba, recorded in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt-sector survey (p.173). The registry does not establish current production or the site-specific copper/cobalt split.", "fr": "Chantier artisanal de Mutshatsha, au Lualaba, recensé dans l’étude ITIE-RDC 2025 de la filière cuivre-cobalt (p.173). Le registre ne confirme ni une production actuelle ni la répartition cuivre/cobalt du site." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "territory": "Mutshatsha", "reportedMiningTitle": "PE11557", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-05", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "sector-register only; site commodity split unresolved", "fr": "Registre sectoriel uniquement ; répartition des minerais du site non établie" } }, { "id": "kasulo-artisanal", "name": "Kasulo — artisanal zone", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "ITIE-RDC describes cobalt as Kasulo’s main ore and lists ZEA786 in Kolwezi Est. The 2025 report names CODMCO ESPOIR and COMIKU cooperatives, and CDM and Thomas as principal buyers.", "fr": "L’ITIE-RDC décrit le cobalt comme minerai principal de Kasulo et mentionne ZEA786 à Kolwezi Est. Le rapport 2025 nomme les coopératives CODMCO ESPOIR et COMIKU, et CDM et Thomas comme principaux acheteurs." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites", "jogmec-kasulo-2021", "mercuria-kasulo-mou-2026" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "reportedMiningTitle": "ZEA786", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-07-15", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "site-specific cobalt", "fr": "Cobalt attesté pour ce site" } }, { "id": "kawama-papsy", "name": "Kawama Papsy", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal working in the Kisanfu district, Lualaba, identified on ZEA686 in the 2025 copper-cobalt report; Annex II lists CMEJL. Site-specific cobalt output is unresolved.", "fr": "Chantier artisanal du district de Kisanfu, Lualaba, identifié sur ZEA686 dans le rapport cuivre-cobalt 2025; l’annexe II recense CMEJL. La production propre de cobalt reste à établir." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "reportedMiningTitle": "ZEA686", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-07-15", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "sector-register only; site commodity split unresolved", "fr": "Registre sectoriel uniquement ; répartition des minerais du site non établie" } }, { "id": "kawama-shabara", "name": "Kawama Shabara", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal working in Mutshatsha, Lualaba, recorded in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt-sector survey (p.186). The registry does not establish current production or the site-specific copper/cobalt split.", "fr": "Chantier artisanal de Mutshatsha, au Lualaba, recensé dans l’étude ITIE-RDC 2025 de la filière cuivre-cobalt (p.186). Le registre ne confirme ni une production actuelle ni la répartition cuivre/cobalt du site." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "territory": "Mutshatsha", "reportedMiningTitle": "PE658", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-05", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "sector-register only; site commodity split unresolved", "fr": "Registre sectoriel uniquement ; répartition des minerais du site non établie" } }, { "id": "kawama-volcano", "name": "Kawama Volcano", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal working in Mutshatsha, Lualaba, recorded in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt-sector survey (p.173). The registry does not establish current production or the site-specific copper/cobalt split.", "fr": "Chantier artisanal de Mutshatsha, au Lualaba, recensé dans l’étude ITIE-RDC 2025 de la filière cuivre-cobalt (p.173). Le registre ne confirme ni une production actuelle ni la répartition cuivre/cobalt du site." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "territory": "Mutshatsha", "reportedMiningTitle": "PE658", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-05", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "sector-register only; site commodity split unresolved", "fr": "Registre sectoriel uniquement ; répartition des minerais du site non établie" } }, { "id": "kayebela", "name": "Kayebela", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal working in Mutshatsha, Lualaba, recorded in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt-sector survey (p.173). The registry does not establish current production or the site-specific copper/cobalt split.", "fr": "Chantier artisanal de Mutshatsha, au Lualaba, recensé dans l’étude ITIE-RDC 2025 de la filière cuivre-cobalt (p.173). Le registre ne confirme ni une production actuelle ni la répartition cuivre/cobalt du site." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "territory": "Mutshatsha", "reportedMiningTitle": "PE2608", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-05", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "sector-register only; site commodity split unresolved", "fr": "Registre sectoriel uniquement ; répartition des minerais du site non établie" } }, { "id": "kcc", "name": "Kamoto Copper Company (KCC)", "kind": "producer", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Operator of the Kamoto, KOV and Mashamba East mines and Luilu processing complex.", "fr": "Opérateur des mines de Kamoto, KOV et Mashamba East et du complexe métallurgique de Luilu." }, "sourceIds": [ "glencore-drc-operations", "raid-environment-2024", "raid-labour-2025", "trade-glencore-orion-mou-2026", "trade-glencore-umicore-2019", "usgs-drc-2024" ] }, { "id": "kimbalasani", "name": "Kimbalasani", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal working in Lubudi, Lualaba, recorded in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt-sector survey (p.173). The registry does not establish current production or the site-specific copper/cobalt split.", "fr": "Chantier artisanal de Lubudi, au Lualaba, recensé dans l’étude ITIE-RDC 2025 de la filière cuivre-cobalt (p.173). Le registre ne confirme ni une production actuelle ni la répartition cuivre/cobalt du site." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "territory": "Lubudi", "reportedMiningTitle": "PE469", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-05", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "sector-register only; site commodity split unresolved", "fr": "Registre sectoriel uniquement ; répartition des minerais du site non établie" } }, { "id": "kinsevere", "name": "Kinsevere", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "MMG copper-cobalt operation. The April 2026 report says cobalt production remains suspended, while exports resumed from inventory.", "fr": "Exploitation cuivre-cobalt de MMG. Le rapport d’avril 2026 indique que la production de cobalt reste suspendue, tandis que les exportations ont repris sur stocks." }, "sourceIds": [ "mmg-cobalt-inventory-2026", "mmg-cobalt-pause", "mmg-first-cobalt", "usgs-drc-2024" ], "province": "Haut-Katanga", "miningType": "industrial" }, { "id": "kinsuka", "name": "Kinsuka", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal working in Likasi Centre, Haut-Katanga, identified on ZEA669 in the 2025 copper-cobalt report. La Jeunesse is the listed cooperative. Site-specific cobalt output is unresolved.", "fr": "Chantier artisanal de Likasi Centre, Haut-Katanga, identifié sur ZEA669 dans le rapport cuivre-cobalt 2025. La Jeunesse est la coopérative recensée. La production propre de cobalt reste à établir." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Haut-Katanga", "reportedMiningTitle": "ZEA669", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-07-15", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "sector-register only; site commodity split unresolved", "fr": "Registre sectoriel uniquement ; répartition des minerais du site non établie" } }, { "id": "kisanfu", "name": "Kisanfu (KFM)", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Copper-cobalt mine in Lualaba. CMOC reports a 71.25% stake; its ownership history includes a CATL subsidiary investment.", "fr": "Mine de cuivre et de cobalt au Lualaba. CMOC déclare 71,25 % du capital ; une filiale de CATL figure dans l’historique des investissements." }, "sourceIds": [ "cmoc-drc", "cmoc-kfm-history", "trade-cmoc-h1-2021", "trade-cmoc-results-2023", "usgs-drc-2024" ], "province": "Lualaba", "miningType": "industrial" }, { "id": "kolwezi-commus", "name": "Kolwezi (COMMUS)", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Open-pit copper-cobalt operation near Kolwezi’s residential neighbourhoods, distinct from Jinchuan’s Musonoi project.", "fr": "Exploitation à ciel ouvert de cuivre et de cobalt près des quartiers résidentiels de Kolwezi, distincte du projet Musonoi de Jinchuan." }, "sourceIds": [ "amnesty-industrial-2023", "raid-environment-2024", "raid-labour-2025", "usgs-drc-2024", "zijin-kolwezi" ], "province": "Lualaba", "miningType": "industrial" }, { "id": "kov", "name": "Kamoto Oliveira Virgule (KOV)", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Copper-cobalt mine listed within KCC’s operations in the USGS 2024 industry review.", "fr": "Mine de cuivre et de cobalt recensée parmi les exploitations de KCC dans le bilan USGS pour 2024." }, "sourceIds": [ "usgs-drc-2024" ], "province": "Lualaba", "miningType": "industrial" }, { "id": "la-jeunesse-kinsuka", "name": "La Jeunesse — Kinsuka", "kind": "cooperative", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Cooperative linked to Kinsuka in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt report; spelling retained from the cited section.", "fr": "Coopérative associée à Kinsuka dans le rapport cuivre-cobalt 2025 de l’ITIE-RDC; graphie conservée de la section citée." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ] }, { "id": "la-sentinelle", "name": "La Sentinelle", "kind": "ngo", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Lubumbashi NGO working on copper-cobalt governance; local implementer of Holistic Due Diligence.", "fr": "ONG de Lubumbashi travaillant sur la gouvernance du cuivre-cobalt ; mise en œuvre locale de la diligence raisonnable holistique." }, "sourceIds": [ "nashiriki-hdd", "nashiriki-la-sentinelle" ], "province": "Haut-Katanga and Lualaba", "externalProfileUrl": "https://nashiriki.com/champions/la-sentinelle/" }, { "id": "lenge", "name": "Lenge", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal working in Mutshatsha, Lualaba, recorded in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt-sector survey (p.173). The registry does not establish current production or the site-specific copper/cobalt split.", "fr": "Chantier artisanal de Mutshatsha, au Lualaba, recensé dans l’étude ITIE-RDC 2025 de la filière cuivre-cobalt (p.173). Le registre ne confirme ni une production actuelle ni la répartition cuivre/cobalt du site." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "territory": "Mutshatsha", "reportedMiningTitle": "PE2608", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-05", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "sector-register only; site commodity split unresolved", "fr": "Registre sectoriel uniquement ; répartition des minerais du site non établie" } }, { "id": "lf-materials", "name": "L&F Materials", "kind": "manufacturer", "country": "South Korea", "description": { "en": "Battery-material producer identified by Amnesty as a 2013 Huayou cobalt customer.", "fr": "Producteur de matériaux pour batteries identifié par Amnesty comme client du cobalt de Huayou en 2013." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-amnesty-cobalt-news-2016", "trade-amnesty-cobalt-report-2016" ] }, { "id": "lg-chem", "name": "LG Chem", "kind": "manufacturer", "country": "South Korea", "description": { "en": "Cathode-material manufacturer and purchaser of precursors; distinct from cell-maker LG Energy Solution.", "fr": "Fabricant de matériaux de cathode et acheteur de précurseurs ; distinct du fabricant de cellules LG Energy Solution." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-cngr-lg-2023", "down-huayou-lg-2023", "down-lg-gm-2022", "down-lg-gm-2025", "down-lg-umicore-2019" ] }, { "id": "lg-energy-solution", "name": "LG Energy Solution", "kind": "manufacturer", "country": "South Korea", "description": { "en": "Cell and battery-module manufacturer, cobalt-sulfate buyer and cathode-material customer.", "fr": "Fabricant de cellules et modules de batteries, acheteur de sulfate de cobalt et de matériaux de cathode." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-electra-glencore-2026", "down-electra-lg-2026", "down-lg-toyota-2023", "down-posco-lg-2023" ] }, { "id": "lufungu", "name": "Lufungu", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal working in Mutshatsha, Lualaba, recorded in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt-sector survey (p.173). The registry does not establish current production or the site-specific copper/cobalt split.", "fr": "Chantier artisanal de Mutshatsha, au Lualaba, recensé dans l’étude ITIE-RDC 2025 de la filière cuivre-cobalt (p.173). Le registre ne confirme ni une production actuelle ni la répartition cuivre/cobalt du site." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "territory": "Mutshatsha", "reportedMiningTitle": "PE2116", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-05", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "sector-register only; site commodity split unresolved", "fr": "Registre sectoriel uniquement ; répartition des minerais du site non établie" } }, { "id": "maadini-ya-maendeleo", "name": "Maadini Ya Maendeleo", "kind": "cooperative", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Cooperative linked to Tshipuki in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt report; spelling retained from the cited section.", "fr": "Coopérative associée à Tshipuki dans le rapport cuivre-cobalt 2025 de l’ITIE-RDC; graphie conservée de la section citée." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ] }, { "id": "manga-kazembe", "name": "Manga-Kazembe", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal working in Mutshatsha, Lualaba, recorded in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt-sector survey (p.173). The registry does not establish current production or the site-specific copper/cobalt split.", "fr": "Chantier artisanal de Mutshatsha, au Lualaba, recensé dans l’étude ITIE-RDC 2025 de la filière cuivre-cobalt (p.173). Le registre ne confirme ni une production actuelle ni la répartition cuivre/cobalt du site." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "territory": "Mutshatsha", "reportedMiningTitle": "PE2604", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-05", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "sector-register only; site commodity split unresolved", "fr": "Registre sectoriel uniquement ; répartition des minerais du site non établie" } }, { "id": "mapping-payments", "name": "Mapping Payments", "kind": "initiative", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Historical IMPACT project documenting cobalt taxes, fees and administrative requirements, reported in 2022–2023.", "fr": "Projet historique d’IMPACT documentant les taxes, frais et procédures du cobalt, signalé en 2022–2023." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-annual-2022-2023" ] }, { "id": "mashamba-east", "name": "Mashamba East", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Copper-cobalt mine listed within KCC’s operations in the USGS 2024 industry review.", "fr": "Mine de cuivre et de cobalt recensée parmi les exploitations de KCC dans le bilan USGS pour 2024." }, "sourceIds": [ "usgs-drc-2024" ], "province": "Lualaba", "miningType": "industrial" }, { "id": "mechema", "name": "Mechema Chemicals International", "kind": "refiner", "country": "Taiwan", "description": { "en": "Chemical company studying cobalt refining with ERG and Marubeni under a 2024 memorandum.", "fr": "Entreprise chimique étudiant le raffinage du cobalt avec ERG et Marubeni dans un protocole de 2024." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-erg-japan-2024" ] }, { "id": "menda", "name": "Menda", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal working in Mutshatsha, Lualaba, recorded in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt-sector survey (p.173). The registry does not establish current production or the site-specific copper/cobalt split.", "fr": "Chantier artisanal de Mutshatsha, au Lualaba, recensé dans l’étude ITIE-RDC 2025 de la filière cuivre-cobalt (p.173). Le registre ne confirme ni une production actuelle ni la répartition cuivre/cobalt du site." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "territory": "Mutshatsha", "reportedMiningTitle": "PE467", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-05", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "sector-register only; site commodity split unresolved", "fr": "Registre sectoriel uniquement ; répartition des minerais du site non établie" } }, { "id": "menuiserie", "name": "Menuiserie", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal working in Mutshatsha, Lualaba, recorded in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt-sector survey (p.186). The registry does not establish current production or the site-specific copper/cobalt split.", "fr": "Chantier artisanal de Mutshatsha, au Lualaba, recensé dans l’étude ITIE-RDC 2025 de la filière cuivre-cobalt (p.186). Le registre ne confirme ni une production actuelle ni la répartition cuivre/cobalt du site." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "territory": "Mutshatsha", "reportedMiningTitle": "PE4958", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-05", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "sector-register only; site commodity split unresolved", "fr": "Registre sectoriel uniquement ; répartition des minerais du site non établie" } }, { "id": "mercuria", "name": "Mercuria", "kind": "trader", "country": "Switzerland", "description": { "en": "Trader reporting an EGC cobalt transaction in February 2026 and a Kasulo development MoU in March.", "fr": "Négociant déclarant une transaction de cobalt avec EGC en février 2026 et un protocole pour développer Kasulo en mars." }, "sourceIds": [ "gecamines-mercuria-2025", "mercuria-egc-first-2026", "mercuria-kasulo-mou-2026" ] }, { "id": "metalkol", "name": "Metalkol RTR", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Tailings recovery operation near Kolwezi producing cobalt hydroxide and copper from historic deposits.", "fr": "Exploitation de retraitement de résidus près de Kolwezi, produisant de l’hydroxyde de cobalt et du cuivre à partir de dépôts anciens." }, "sourceIds": [ "amnesty-industrial-2023", "down-electra-erg-2024", "down-evelution-erg-2023", "erg-cobalt", "erg-tailings", "raid-environment-2024", "raid-labour-2025", "usgs-drc-2024" ], "province": "Lualaba", "miningType": "tailings" }, { "id": "missio-austria", "name": "Missio Austria", "kind": "ngo", "country": "Austria", "description": { "en": "Her Security collaborator named in the project factsheet.", "fr": "Collaborateur de Her Security nommé dans la fiche projet." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-her-security-2025" ] }, { "id": "mitsui", "name": "Mitsui & Co.", "kind": "trader", "country": "Japan", "description": { "en": "Trading company named as future cobalt-metal buyer under EVelution's 2026 offtake agreement.", "fr": "Société de négoce désignée comme futur acheteur de cobalt métal dans le contrat EVelution de 2026." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-evelution-mitsui-2026" ] }, { "id": "mmg", "name": "MMG", "kind": "producer", "country": "Hong Kong", "description": { "en": "Operator of Kinsevere, publishing dated reports on its copper operation and cobalt plant.", "fr": "Opérateur de Kinsevere, publiant des rapports datés sur son exploitation cuprifère et son usine de cobalt." }, "sourceIds": [ "mmg-cobalt-inventory-2026", "mmg-cobalt-pause", "mmg-first-cobalt", "usgs-drc-2024" ] }, { "id": "mri", "name": "MRI — tender recipient", "kind": "trader", "country": "Not established", "description": { "en": "Trader identified as MRI in the Kambove lot allocation; the notice does not establish its full legal identity.", "fr": "Négociant nommé MRI dans l’attribution des lots de Kambove ; son identité juridique complète n’est pas établie dans le communiqué." }, "sourceIds": [ "gecamines-kambove-allocation-2026" ] }, { "id": "musonoi-jinchuan", "name": "Musonoi (Jinchuan)", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Jinchuan underground copper-cobalt mine; the April 2026 results report commercial production began in November 2025. Distinct from COMMUS and Metalkol tailings.", "fr": "Mine souterraine cuivre-cobalt de Jinchuan ; les résultats d’avril 2026 situent le début de production commerciale en novembre 2025. Distincte de COMMUS et des résidus de Metalkol." }, "sourceIds": [ "jinchuan-mines", "jinchuan-musonoi-commercial-2025", "metorex-musonoi" ], "province": "Lualaba", "miningType": "industrial" }, { "id": "mutanda", "name": "Mutanda", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Industrial copper-cobalt mine and refinery operated by Mutanda Mining.", "fr": "Mine industrielle et raffinerie de cuivre et de cobalt exploitées par Mutanda Mining." }, "sourceIds": [ "glencore-drc-operations", "raid-environment-2024", "trade-glencore-orion-mou-2026", "trade-glencore-umicore-2019", "usgs-drc-2024" ], "province": "Lualaba", "miningType": "industrial" }, { "id": "mutanda-mining", "name": "Mutanda Mining (MUMI)", "kind": "producer", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Glencore subsidiary operating the Mutanda copper-cobalt mine and refinery.", "fr": "Filiale de Glencore exploitant la mine et la raffinerie cuivre-cobalt de Mutanda." }, "sourceIds": [ "glencore-drc-operations", "raid-environment-2024", "usgs-drc-2024" ] }, { "id": "mutoshi", "name": "Mutoshi", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Copper-cobalt concession near Kolwezi. The industrial project remained unfinished in July 2026; separate from its closed artisanal pilot.", "fr": "Concession cuivre-cobalt près de Kolwezi. Le projet industriel restait inachevé en juillet 2026 ; distinct de son pilote artisanal fermé." }, "sourceIds": [ "lloyds-chemaf-completed-2026", "semafor-chemaf-operations-2026", "trade-che-maf-trafigura-2022", "trade-pact-mutoshi-2019", "trade-pact-mutoshi-suspended-2020", "trade-trafigura-annual-2021", "trade-trafigura-responsibility-2018" ] }, { "id": "mutoshi-artisanal", "name": "Mutoshi — artisanal workings", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal working in Mutshatsha, Lualaba, recorded in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt-sector survey (p.186). The registry does not establish current production or the site-specific copper/cobalt split.", "fr": "Chantier artisanal de Mutshatsha, au Lualaba, recensé dans l’étude ITIE-RDC 2025 de la filière cuivre-cobalt (p.186). Le registre ne confirme ni une production actuelle ni la répartition cuivre/cobalt du site." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "territory": "Mutshatsha", "reportedMiningTitle": "PE2604", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-05", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "sector-register only; site commodity split unresolved", "fr": "Registre sectoriel uniquement ; répartition des minerais du site non établie" } }, { "id": "mutoshi-pilot", "name": "Mutoshi artisanal pilot (2018–2020)", "kind": "initiative", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal formalisation pilot within the Mutoshi concession, suspended in March 2020.", "fr": "Pilote de formalisation artisanale dans la concession de Mutoshi, suspendu en mars 2020." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-pact-mutoshi-2019", "trade-pact-mutoshi-suspended-2020", "trade-trafigura-annual-2021", "trade-trafigura-responsibility-2018" ] }, { "id": "mwilu-artisanal", "name": "Mwilu — artisanal workings", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal working in Mutshatsha, Lualaba, recorded in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt-sector survey (p.173). The registry does not establish current production or the site-specific copper/cobalt split.", "fr": "Chantier artisanal de Mutshatsha, au Lualaba, recensé dans l’étude ITIE-RDC 2025 de la filière cuivre-cobalt (p.173). Le registre ne confirme ni une production actuelle ni la répartition cuivre/cobalt du site." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "territory": "Mutshatsha", "reportedMiningTitle": "PE2604", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-05", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "sector-register only; site commodity split unresolved", "fr": "Registre sectoriel uniquement ; répartition des minerais du site non établie" } }, { "id": "ningbo-shanshan", "name": "Ningbo Shanshan", "kind": "manufacturer", "country": "China", "description": { "en": "Battery-material producer identified in company records examined by Amnesty as a 2013 Huayou cobalt customer.", "fr": "Producteur de matériaux pour batteries identifié par Amnesty, à partir de documents d’entreprise, comme client du cobalt de Huayou en 2013." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-amnesty-cobalt-news-2016", "trade-amnesty-cobalt-report-2016" ] }, { "id": "pact", "name": "Pact", "kind": "initiative", "country": "United States", "description": { "en": "International nonprofit supporting responsible artisanal cobalt programmes in the DRC.", "fr": "Organisation internationale à but non lucratif accompagnant des programmes de cobalt artisanal responsable en RDC." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-egc-trafigura-2020", "trade-pact-mutoshi-2019", "trade-pact-mutoshi-suspended-2020", "trade-trafigura-responsibility-2018" ] }, { "id": "posco-future-m", "name": "POSCO Future M", "kind": "manufacturer", "country": "South Korea", "description": { "en": "Cathode-material manufacturer previously named POSCO Chemical; suppliers' disclosures distinguish NCM, NCMA and NCA contracts.", "fr": "Fabricant de cathodes anciennement nommé POSCO Chemical ; les communications distinguent les contrats NCM, NCMA et NCA." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-posco-lg-2023", "down-posco-sdi-2023", "down-posco-ultium-shipment-2025" ] }, { "id": "quzhou-huayou", "name": "Quzhou Huayou Cobalt New Material", "kind": "refiner", "country": "China", "description": { "en": "Chinese cobalt refiner listed by Stellantis in April 2022; distinct from Zhejiang Huayou and the recycling company.", "fr": "Raffineur chinois de cobalt recensé par Stellantis en avril 2022 ; distinct de Zhejiang Huayou et de la société de recyclage." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-stellantis-refiners-2022" ] }, { "id": "rba-foundation", "name": "Responsible Business Alliance Foundation", "kind": "ngo", "country": "Not established", "description": { "en": "Funding channel for Her Security’s research phase.", "fr": "Canal de financement de la phase de recherche Her Security." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-annual-2022-2023", "impact-her-security-2022" ], "actorType": "foundation" }, { "id": "rmi", "name": "Responsible Minerals Initiative", "kind": "initiative", "country": "Not established", "description": { "en": "Supports Her Security and historical ASM Cobalt Framework work.", "fr": "Soutient Her Security et les travaux historiques du cadre cobalt EMAPE." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-annual-2022-2023", "impact-her-security-2025" ], "actorType": "responsible-sourcing-initiative" }, { "id": "ruashi", "name": "Ruashi", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Copper-cobalt mine whose operator, Ruashi Mining, is majority-owned by Jinchuan International.", "fr": "Mine de cuivre et de cobalt dont l’opérateur, Ruashi Mining, est majoritairement détenu par Jinchuan International." }, "sourceIds": [ "jinchuan-mines", "usgs-drc-2024" ], "province": "Haut-Katanga", "miningType": "industrial" }, { "id": "samsung-sdi", "name": "Samsung SDI", "kind": "manufacturer", "country": "South Korea", "description": { "en": "Battery manufacturer that announced a 2020–2024 cobalt hydroxide supply agreement with Glencore.", "fr": "Fabricant de batteries ayant annoncé un accord d’approvisionnement en hydroxyde de cobalt avec Glencore pour 2020–2024." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-ecoprobm-history", "down-electrive-ecoprobm-2023", "down-kjd-ecoprobm-2023", "down-posco-lg-2023", "down-posco-sdi-2023", "down-umicore-sdi-2019", "trade-glencore-samsung-2020" ] }, { "id": "shalina-resources", "name": "Shalina Resources", "kind": "producer", "country": "United Arab Emirates", "description": { "en": "Company named as Chemaf’s parent in 2022 and a cobalt source in Trafigura’s 2021 reporting; historical description.", "fr": "Société citée comme maison mère de Chemaf en 2022 et fournisseur de cobalt dans le rapport 2021 de Trafigura ; description historique." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-che-maf-trafigura-2022", "trade-trafigura-annual-2021" ] }, { "id": "sk-innovation", "name": "SK Innovation", "kind": "manufacturer", "country": "South Korea", "description": { "en": "Historical signatory of the 2019 Glencore cobalt agreement for its battery business; SK On separated in 2021, without an inferred transfer of this contract.", "fr": "Signataire historique du contrat cobalt Glencore de 2019 pour son activité batteries ; SK On a été séparée en 2021, sans transfert contractuel présumé." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-sk-glencore-2022", "down-yonhap-sk-2019" ] }, { "id": "somidez", "name": "Société Minière de Deziwa (Somidez)", "kind": "producer", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Company associated with the Deziwa mine and its copper and cobalt exports in the USGS 2024 review.", "fr": "Société associée à la mine de Deziwa et à ses exportations de cuivre et de cobalt dans le bilan USGS pour 2024." }, "sourceIds": [ "cnmc-deziwa", "raid-labour-2025", "usgs-drc-2024" ] }, { "id": "stellantis", "name": "Stellantis", "kind": "manufacturer", "country": "Global", "description": { "en": "Vehicle group disclosing cobalt refiners in its supply chain as of April 2022; this record does not assign corporate domicile.", "fr": "Groupe automobile ayant publié les raffineurs de sa chaîne cobalt en avril 2022 ; cette fiche n’attribue pas de domicile social." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-stellantis-refiners-2022" ] }, { "id": "tenke-fungurume", "name": "Tenke Fungurume (TFM)", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Industrial copper-cobalt complex in Lualaba. CMOC reports an 80% stake; site-level trade agreements are documented separately.", "fr": "Complexe industriel de cuivre et de cobalt au Lualaba. CMOC déclare une participation de 80 % ; les accords commerciaux sont documentés séparément." }, "sourceIds": [ "cmoc-drc", "raid-environment-2024", "raid-labour-2025", "trade-cmoc-ixm-tfm-2022", "trade-cmoc-results-2023", "usgs-drc-2024" ], "province": "Lualaba", "miningType": "industrial" }, { "id": "thomas-kasulo-buyer", "name": "Thomas — Kasulo buyer", "kind": "trader", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Buyer named as THOMAS in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 Kasulo narrative. Precise legal entity identity is unresolved.", "fr": "Acheteur nommé THOMAS dans la description de Kasulo par l’ITIE-RDC en 2025. L’identité juridique exacte reste à établir." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ] }, { "id": "tianjin-bamo", "name": "Tianjin Bamo", "kind": "manufacturer", "country": "China", "description": { "en": "Battery-material producer identified by Amnesty as a historical Huayou cobalt customer.", "fr": "Producteur de matériaux pour batteries identifié par Amnesty comme client historique du cobalt de Huayou." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-amnesty-cobalt-news-2016", "trade-amnesty-cobalt-report-2016" ] }, { "id": "tilwezembe-artisanal", "name": "Tilwezembe — artisanal workings", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal working in Mutshatsha, Lualaba, recorded in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt-sector survey (p.186). The registry does not establish current production or the site-specific copper/cobalt split.", "fr": "Chantier artisanal de Mutshatsha, au Lualaba, recensé dans l’étude ITIE-RDC 2025 de la filière cuivre-cobalt (p.186). Le registre ne confirme ni une production actuelle ni la répartition cuivre/cobalt du site." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "territory": "Mutshatsha", "reportedMiningTitle": "PE4963", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-05", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "sector-register only; site commodity split unresolved", "fr": "Registre sectoriel uniquement ; répartition des minerais du site non établie" } }, { "id": "tondo", "name": "Tondo", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal working in Mutshatsha, Lualaba, recorded in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt-sector survey (p.173). The registry does not establish current production or the site-specific copper/cobalt split.", "fr": "Chantier artisanal de Mutshatsha, au Lualaba, recensé dans l’étude ITIE-RDC 2025 de la filière cuivre-cobalt (p.173). Le registre ne confirme ni une production actuelle ni la répartition cuivre/cobalt du site." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "territory": "Mutshatsha", "reportedMiningTitle": "PE1435 / PE535", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-05", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "sector-register only; site commodity split unresolved", "fr": "Registre sectoriel uniquement ; répartition des minerais du site non établie" } }, { "id": "toyota-motor-north-america", "name": "Toyota Motor North America", "kind": "manufacturer", "country": "United States", "description": { "en": "North American Toyota entity named in LG Energy Solution's 2023 NCMA module agreement.", "fr": "Entité nord-américaine de Toyota citée dans le contrat de modules NCMA de LG Energy Solution en 2023." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-lg-toyota-2023" ] }, { "id": "trafigura", "name": "Trafigura", "kind": "trader", "country": "Singapore", "description": { "en": "Commodity trader party to cobalt marketing agreements with Chemaf and EGC.", "fr": "Négociant en matières premières signataire d’accords de commercialisation du cobalt avec Chemaf et EGC." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-che-maf-trafigura-2022", "trade-egc-evelution-trafigura-mou-2026", "trade-egc-trafigura-2020", "trade-pact-mutoshi-2019", "trade-trafigura-annual-2021", "trade-trafigura-responsibility-2018" ] }, { "id": "trust-merchant-bank", "name": "Trust Merchant Bank", "kind": "financial-institution", "country": "Not established", "description": { "en": "Bank sponsoring Holistic Due Diligence.", "fr": "Banque sponsorisant la diligence raisonnable holistique." }, "sourceIds": [ "nashiriki-hdd" ], "actorType": "financial-institution" }, { "id": "tshipuki", "name": "Tshipuki", "kind": "mine-site", "country": "DRC", "description": { "en": "Artisanal working in Mutshatsha, Lualaba, recorded in ITIE-RDC’s 2025 copper-cobalt-sector survey (p.173). The registry does not establish current production or the site-specific copper/cobalt split.", "fr": "Chantier artisanal de Mutshatsha, au Lualaba, recensé dans l’étude ITIE-RDC 2025 de la filière cuivre-cobalt (p.173). Le registre ne confirme ni une production actuelle ni la répartition cuivre/cobalt du site." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "miningType": "artisanal", "province": "Lualaba", "territory": "Mutshatsha", "reportedMiningTitle": "PE14051", "evidenceAsOf": "2025-05", "commodityEvidence": { "en": "sector-register only; site commodity split unresolved", "fr": "Registre sectoriel uniquement ; répartition des minerais du site non établie" } }, { "id": "ultium-cells", "name": "Ultium Cells", "kind": "manufacturer", "country": "United States", "description": { "en": "US battery-cell venture of General Motors and LG Energy Solution, recipient of reported NCMA cathode shipments.", "fr": "Coentreprise américaine de cellules de General Motors et LG Energy Solution, destinataire de livraisons NCMA déclarées." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-posco-lg-2023", "down-posco-ultium-shipment-2025" ] }, { "id": "umicore", "name": "Umicore", "kind": "refiner", "country": "Belgium", "description": { "en": "Materials technology and refining group; 2019 Glencore agreement named KCC and Mutanda as planned cobalt origins.", "fr": "Groupe de technologies des matériaux et de raffinage ; l’accord Glencore de 2019 désignait KCC et Mutanda comme origines prévues du cobalt." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-lg-umicore-2019", "down-umicore-sdi-2019", "trade-glencore-umicore-2019", "trade-resource-pilot-2021" ] }, { "id": "virtus-lloyds-minerals-holding", "name": "Virtus Lloyds Minerals Holding (VLMH)", "kind": "producer", "country": "Cayman Islands", "description": { "en": "Holding company that acquired Chemaf Group in March 2026; a Virtus–Lloyds joint venture.", "fr": "Holding ayant acquis Chemaf Group en mars 2026 ; coentreprise Virtus–Lloyds." }, "sourceIds": [ "lloyds-chemaf-completed-2026" ] }, { "id": "vitol", "name": "Vitol", "kind": "trader", "country": "Not established", "description": { "en": "Named recipient in Gécamines’ joint copper-cobalt lot allocation. The notice does not disaggregate volumes or metals by recipient.", "fr": "Bénéficiaire cité dans l’attribution de lots cuivre-cobalt par Gécamines. Le communiqué ne répartit ni les volumes ni les métaux par bénéficiaire." }, "sourceIds": [ "gecamines-kambove-allocation-2026" ] }, { "id": "xtc-new-energy", "name": "XTC New Energy Materials (Xiamen)", "kind": "manufacturer", "country": "China", "description": { "en": "GEM precursor-contract customer; the disclosed portfolio mixes low-cobalt and cobalt-free products.", "fr": "Client de précurseurs GEM ; le portefeuille communiqué associe produits pauvres en cobalt et produits sans cobalt." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-gem-xtc-2022" ] }, { "id": "zijin", "name": "Zijin Mining", "kind": "producer", "country": "China", "description": { "en": "Group reporting a 67% interest in the Kolwezi copper-cobalt operation following a 2024 state equity transfer.", "fr": "Groupe déclarant une participation de 67 % dans l’exploitation cuivre-cobalt de Kolwezi après un transfert de titres à l’État en 2024." }, "sourceIds": [ "amnesty-industrial-2023", "raid-environment-2024", "raid-labour-2025", "zijin-kolwezi" ] } ], "relationships": [ { "id": "bloom-by-impact-supports-her-security", "to": "her-security", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Supports implementation.", "fr": "Soutient la mise en œuvre." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-her-security-2025" ], "asOf": "2025-02", "status": "reported", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "impact-her-security-2025", "locator": "PDF p.1 funding; p.7 In Collaboration With and implementation support", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "bloom-by-impact" }, { "id": "bon-pasteur-kolwezi-supports-her-security", "to": "her-security", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Local implementing partner.", "fr": "Partenaire local de mise en œuvre." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-her-security-2025", "impact-her-security-project" ], "asOf": "2026-09-17", "status": "reported", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "impact-her-security-project", "locator": "Project dates 2024–2028; Partners section; What We Are Doing", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" }, { "sourceId": "impact-her-security-2025", "locator": "PDF p.1 EU funding; p.7 About the Implementing Partners and In Collaboration With; p.8 Canadian headquarters", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "bon-pasteur-kolwezi" }, { "id": "bon-pasteur-kolwezi-supports-her-security-phase-1", "to": "her-security-phase-1", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Partnered on cobalt-community research.", "fr": "Partenaire des recherches dans les communautés du cobalt." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-her-security-2022", "impact-her-security-phase1" ], "asOf": "2023", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "impact-her-security-phase1", "locator": "Project Date (Start)/(End), 2022–2023; Partners section", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" }, { "sourceId": "impact-her-security-2022", "locator": "PDF pp.2–3: Lualaba field research, implementing partners and final funding paragraph", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "bon-pasteur-kolwezi" }, { "id": "cdm-huayou-historical-supply", "from": "cdm", "to": "huayou-cobalt", "predicate": "SUPPLIES_TO", "description": { "en": "Amnesty documented cobalt hydroxide processed in Lubumbashi and shipped to Huayou in Zhejiang via Durban, citing company documents through 2014.", "fr": "Amnesty documentait l’hydroxyde de cobalt traité à Lubumbashi puis envoyé à Huayou au Zhejiang via Durban, sur la base de documents d’entreprise jusqu’en 2014." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-amnesty-cobalt-report-2016" ], "asOf": "2016-01-19", "status": "historical" }, { "id": "chemaf-etoile-2022", "from": "chemaf", "to": "etoile", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "The January 2022 announcement identified Chemaf as operator of the Etoile assets receiving processing expansion finance.", "fr": "L’annonce de janvier 2022 identifiait Chemaf comme exploitant des actifs d’Étoile bénéficiant du financement d’extension du traitement." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-che-maf-trafigura-2022" ], "asOf": "2022-01-19", "status": "reported" }, { "id": "chemaf-mutoshi-2022", "from": "chemaf", "to": "mutoshi", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "Chemaf was identified as the operator developing the mechanised Mutoshi mine in the January 2022 announcement.", "fr": "Chemaf était identifié comme l’exploitant développant la mine mécanisée de Mutoshi dans l’annonce de janvier 2022." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-che-maf-trafigura-2022", "trade-trafigura-responsibility-2018" ], "asOf": "2022-01-19", "status": "reported" }, { "id": "chemaf-operates-etoile", "from": "chemaf", "to": "etoile", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "Chemaf retains the Etoile operation; the plant was reported shut in July 2026. OPERATES identifies responsibility, not active production.", "fr": "Chemaf conserve l’exploitation d’Étoile ; l’usine était signalée à l’arrêt en juillet 2026. OPERATES désigne la responsabilité, et non une production active." }, "sourceIds": [ "chemaf-etoile", "lloyds-chemaf-completed-2026", "semafor-chemaf-operations-2026", "usgs-drc-2024" ], "asOf": "2026-07-29", "status": "reported" }, { "id": "chemaf-trafigura-2018", "from": "chemaf", "to": "trafigura", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "A three-year cobalt hydroxide marketing agreement was signed in 2018; this is a historical contract record.", "fr": "Un accord de commercialisation d’hydroxyde de cobalt sur trois ans a été signé en 2018 ; il s’agit d’un contrat historique." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-trafigura-responsibility-2018" ], "asOf": "2018", "status": "historical", "validFrom": "2018" }, { "id": "chemaf-trafigura-2022", "from": "chemaf", "to": "trafigura", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "The 2022 financing announcement assigned Trafigura marketing of cobalt hydroxide from Mutoshi and Etoile, expected through end 2027. It does not verify current execution or shipments.", "fr": "L’annonce de financement de 2022 prévoyait la commercialisation par Trafigura de l’hydroxyde de cobalt de Mutoshi et d’Étoile jusqu’à fin 2027. Elle ne vérifie pas l’exécution actuelle ni les livraisons." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-che-maf-trafigura-2022" ], "asOf": "2022-01-19", "status": "announced", "validFrom": "2022-01-19" }, { "id": "cmbrd-mutoshi-artisanal", "from": "cmbrd", "to": "mutoshi-artisanal", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "Listed as a cooperative working this site in the May 2025 table; this does not imply exclusive control or ownership.", "fr": "Recensée parmi les coopératives de ce chantier dans le tableau de mai 2025; cela n’implique ni contrôle exclusif ni propriété." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "asOf": "2025-05", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "eiti-asm-2025-sites", "locator": "Printed p.186, Table 27, row 5 in Mutoshi group; p.254, Annex II, rows 36 and 46.", "verificationSummary": "CMBRD appears in the Mutoshi cooperative group; Annex II repeats it with the SCOPS suffix. No legal-name expansion is made.", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-16" } ] }, { "id": "cmds-kamilombe", "from": "cmds", "to": "kamilombe", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "Listed as a cooperative working this site in the May 2025 table; this does not imply exclusive control or ownership.", "fr": "Recensée parmi les coopératives de ce chantier dans le tableau de mai 2025; cela n’implique ni contrôle exclusif ni propriété." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites", "fca-local" ], "asOf": "2025-05", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "eiti-asm-2025-sites", "locator": "Printed p.186, Table 27, row 7 (CMDS / Kamilombe).", "verificationSummary": "CMDS is paired with Kamilombe in the site and cooperative columns.", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-16" }, { "sourceId": "fca-local", "locator": "Our Partners / CMDS, fifth paragraph, direct day-to-day operator statement.", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-16" } ] }, { "id": "cmejl-kawama-papsy", "from": "cmejl", "to": "kawama-papsy", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "Cooperative-site association explicitly recorded in the 2025 report; no exclusive operating right is inferred.", "fr": "Association coopérative-chantier explicitement recensée dans le rapport 2025; aucun droit exclusif d’exploitation n’est déduit." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "asOf": "2025-07-15", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "eiti-asm-2025-sites", "locator": "Printed p.254, Annex II, row 44.", "verificationSummary": "CMEJL is directly paired with Kawama Papsy and ZEA686.", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-16" } ] }, { "id": "cmoc-ixm-ownership", "from": "cmoc", "to": "ixm", "predicate": "OWNS", "description": { "en": "CMOC described IXM as wholly owned in 2022; IXM’s 2025 presentation also identifies it as part of the group.", "fr": "CMOC décrivait IXM comme détenue à 100 % en 2022 ; la présentation 2025 d’IXM confirme son appartenance au groupe." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-cmoc-ixm-tfm-2022", "trade-ixm-presentation-2025" ], "asOf": "2025", "status": "reported" }, { "id": "cmoc-owns-kisanfu", "from": "cmoc", "to": "kisanfu", "predicate": "OWNS", "description": { "en": "CMOC reports a 71.25% interest in KFM.", "fr": "CMOC déclare une participation de 71,25 % dans KFM." }, "sourceIds": [ "cmoc-drc" ], "asOf": "2026-09-16", "status": "reported", "aliasIds": [ "cmoc-kfm-ownership" ] }, { "id": "cmoc-owns-tenke-fungurume", "from": "cmoc", "to": "tenke-fungurume", "predicate": "OWNS", "description": { "en": "CMOC reports an 80% interest in TFM.", "fr": "CMOC déclare une participation de 80 % dans TFM." }, "sourceIds": [ "cmoc-drc" ], "asOf": "2026-09-16", "status": "reported", "aliasIds": [ "cmoc-tfm-ownership" ] }, { "id": "cnmc-owns-deziwa", "from": "cnmc", "to": "deziwa", "predicate": "OWNS", "description": { "en": "CNMC presents Deziwa as its copper-cobalt investment; the edge does not assert sole ownership.", "fr": "CNMC présente Deziwa comme son investissement cuivre-cobalt ; ce lien ne signifie pas une propriété exclusive." }, "sourceIds": [ "cnmc-deziwa", "raid-labour-2025" ], "asOf": "2026-09-16", "status": "reported" }, { "id": "codmco-espoir-kasulo-artisanal", "from": "codmco-espoir", "to": "kasulo-artisanal", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "Cooperative-site association explicitly recorded in the 2025 report; no exclusive operating right is inferred.", "fr": "Association coopérative-chantier explicitement recensée dans le rapport 2025; aucun droit exclusif d’exploitation n’est déduit." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "asOf": "2025-07-15", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "eiti-asm-2025-sites", "locator": "Printed p.171, Kasulo paragraph; p.253, Annex II, row 30.", "verificationSummary": "Narrative names CODMCO ESPOIR and COMIKU at Kasulo; Annex II row 30 repeats the pair using CMDCO ESPOIR spelling.", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-16" } ] }, { "id": "comakat-kawama-shabara", "from": "comakat", "to": "kawama-shabara", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "Listed as a cooperative working this site in the May 2025 table; this does not imply exclusive control or ownership.", "fr": "Recensée parmi les coopératives de ce chantier dans le tableau de mai 2025; cela n’implique ni contrôle exclusif ni propriété." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "asOf": "2025-05", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "eiti-asm-2025-sites", "locator": "Printed p.186, Table 27, row 6; also p.254, Annex II, row 43.", "verificationSummary": "COMAKAT is paired with Kawama/Shabara in both tables; the mining-title discrepancy is retained separately.", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-16" } ] }, { "id": "comiakol-mutoshi-artisanal", "from": "comiakol", "to": "mutoshi-artisanal", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "Listed as a cooperative working this site in the May 2025 table; this does not imply exclusive control or ownership.", "fr": "Recensée parmi les coopératives de ce chantier dans le tableau de mai 2025; cela n’implique ni contrôle exclusif ni propriété." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "asOf": "2025-05", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "eiti-asm-2025-sites", "locator": "Printed p.186, Table 27, row 4 in Mutoshi group; p.254, Annex II, rows 36 and 46.", "verificationSummary": "COMIAKOL appears in the Mutoshi cooperative group, confirmed by the explicit multi-cooperative Mutoshi row in Annex II.", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-16" } ] }, { "id": "comiakol-mutoshi-pilot", "from": "comiakol", "to": "mutoshi-pilot", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "COMIAKOL worked as mining contractor within the Mutoshi artisanal pilot, not across the whole concession. Pilot operations were suspended in March 2020.", "fr": "COMIAKOL intervenait comme sous-traitant minier dans le pilote artisanal de Mutoshi, et non sur toute la concession. Les opérations du pilote ont été suspendues en mars 2020." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-pact-mutoshi-2019", "trade-pact-mutoshi-suspended-2020", "trade-trafigura-annual-2021", "trade-trafigura-responsibility-2018" ], "asOf": "2020-06-22", "status": "historical", "validFrom": "2018-01", "validTo": "2020-03" }, { "id": "comiau-mutoshi-artisanal", "from": "comiau", "to": "mutoshi-artisanal", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "Listed as a cooperative working this site in the May 2025 table; this does not imply exclusive control or ownership.", "fr": "Recensée parmi les coopératives de ce chantier dans le tableau de mai 2025; cela n’implique ni contrôle exclusif ni propriété." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "asOf": "2025-05", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "eiti-asm-2025-sites", "locator": "Printed p.186, Table 27, row 3 in Mutoshi group; p.254, Annex II, rows 36 and 46.", "verificationSummary": "COMIAU appears in the Mutoshi cooperative group, confirmed by the explicit multi-cooperative Mutoshi row in Annex II.", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-16" } ] }, { "id": "comibakat-tilwezembe-artisanal", "from": "comibakat", "to": "tilwezembe-artisanal", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "Listed as a cooperative working this site in the May 2025 table; this does not imply exclusive control or ownership.", "fr": "Recensée parmi les coopératives de ce chantier dans le tableau de mai 2025; cela n’implique ni contrôle exclusif ni propriété." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "asOf": "2025-05", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "eiti-asm-2025-sites", "locator": "Printed p.186, Table 27, row 2.", "verificationSummary": "COMIBAKAT is directly paired with Tilwezembe.", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-16" } ] }, { "id": "comiku-kasulo-artisanal", "from": "comiku", "to": "kasulo-artisanal", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "Cooperative-site association explicitly recorded in the 2025 report; no exclusive operating right is inferred.", "fr": "Association coopérative-chantier explicitement recensée dans le rapport 2025; aucun droit exclusif d’exploitation n’est déduit." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "asOf": "2025-07-15", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "eiti-asm-2025-sites", "locator": "Printed p.171, Kasulo paragraph; p.253, Annex II, row 30.", "verificationSummary": "COMIKU is named in the narrative and directly paired with Kasulo in Annex II row 30.", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-16" } ] }, { "id": "commus-operates-kolwezi-commus", "from": "commus", "to": "kolwezi-commus", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "COMMUS is the operator identified in independent accounts of the Kolwezi mine.", "fr": "COMMUS est l’opérateur identifié par les sources indépendantes concernant la mine de Kolwezi." }, "sourceIds": [ "amnesty-industrial-2023", "usgs-drc-2024" ], "asOf": "2024", "status": "historical" }, { "id": "down-cngr-lg-contract-2023", "from": "cngr", "to": "lg-chem", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "CNGR announced a signed long-term ternary-precursor supply contract with LG Chem, following a visit to its NCM workshop. The release does not disclose delivery quantities or a mine origin.", "fr": "CNGR annonçait un contrat signé à long terme de précurseurs ternaires avec LG Chem, après une visite de son atelier NCM. Le communiqué ne précise ni volumes livrés ni origine minière." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-cngr-lg-2023" ], "asOf": "2023-03-23", "status": "announced", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-cngr-lg-2023", "locator": "Main text opening and contract paragraph (lines 47,54), NCM workshop reference (line 48), China address footer (line 65)." } ] }, { "id": "down-ecoprobm-sdi-contract-2023", "from": "ecopro-bm", "to": "samsung-sdi", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "EcoPro BM's corporate history and contemporary reporting record a cathode-material contract with Samsung SDI covering 2024–2028; trade reporting identifies NCA chemistry.", "fr": "L’historique d’EcoPro BM et la presse contemporaine recensent un contrat de cathodes avec Samsung SDI pour 2024–2028 ; la presse spécialisée précise la chimie NCA." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-ecoprobm-history", "down-electrive-ecoprobm-2023", "down-kjd-ecoprobm-2023" ], "asOf": "2023-12-04", "status": "announced", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-ecoprobm-history", "locator": "History, December2023; August2024 GEM MoU; footer Korea address." }, { "sourceId": "down-electrive-ecoprobm-2023", "locator": "First two main paragraphs; NCA chemistry and worldwide Samsung plants." }, { "sourceId": "down-kjd-ecoprobm-2023", "locator": "Opening contract paragraph and historical deliveries paragraph; company-attributed, not independent volume audit." } ] }, { "id": "down-electra-lges-2026", "from": "electra-battery-materials", "to": "lg-energy-solution", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "A March 6 binding term sheet updated cobalt-sulfate supply to 60% of planned refinery output through 2029, with an extension option to 2032. Commercial production was targeted for late 2027.", "fr": "Une lettre de modalités contraignante du 6 mars actualisait la fourniture de sulfate de cobalt : 60 % de la production prévue jusqu’en 2029, avec option jusqu’en 2032. La production commerciale était visée pour fin 2027." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-electra-glencore-2026", "down-electra-lg-2026" ], "asOf": "2026-03-10", "status": "announced", "validFrom": "2026-03-06", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-electra-lg-2026", "locator": "Opening paragraph (term sheet dated March 6); updated agreement and construction schedule paragraphs." }, { "sourceId": "down-electra-glencore-2026", "locator": "Opening two paragraphs; Highlights; LGES paragraph and commissioning schedule." } ] }, { "id": "down-erg-electra-2024", "from": "erg", "to": "electra-battery-materials", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "A binding letter of intent effective April 1, 2024 proposed 3,000 tonnes of contained cobalt annually for three years. Its original 2026 start predates Electra's subsequently revised commissioning schedule.", "fr": "Une lettre d’intention contraignante prenant effet le 1er avril 2024 prévoyait 3 000 tonnes de cobalt contenu par an pendant trois ans. Le démarrage initial de 2026 précède le calendrier de mise en service révisé." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-electra-erg-2024", "down-electra-glencore-2026" ], "asOf": "2024-04-02", "status": "historical", "validFrom": "2024-04-01", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-electra-erg-2024", "locator": "Opening binding-LOI paragraph and first/third bullets." }, { "sourceId": "down-electra-glencore-2026", "locator": "Opening two paragraphs; Highlights; LGES paragraph and commissioning schedule." } ] }, { "id": "down-erg-evelution-proposal-2023", "from": "erg", "to": "evelution-energy", "predicate": "PROPOSED_SUPPLY_TO", "description": { "en": "A preliminary five-year agreement envisaged up to 3,000 tonnes of contained cobalt annually. It is proposed feedstock supply, not evidence of delivery; EVelution's later schedule places facility completion in 2029.", "fr": "Un accord préliminaire de cinq ans envisageait jusqu’à 3 000 tonnes de cobalt contenu par an. Il s’agit d’un approvisionnement proposé, sans livraison démontrée ; le calendrier ultérieur prévoit l’achèvement de l’usine en 2029." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-evelution-erg-2023", "down-evelution-mitsui-2026" ], "asOf": "2023-10-11", "status": "announced", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-evelution-erg-2023", "locator": "First three paragraphs; agreement explicitly preliminary." }, { "sourceId": "down-evelution-mitsui-2026", "locator": "Opening three paragraphs; Strengthening Allied Industrial Cooperation construction schedule." } ] }, { "id": "down-erg-mechema-proposal-2024", "from": "erg", "to": "mechema", "predicate": "PROPOSED_SUPPLY_TO", "description": { "en": "A three-party memorandum explored ERG cobalt hydroxide supply to a new Mechema refinery. Metalkol was named as intended origin; feasibility and commercial arrangements remained prospective.", "fr": "Un protocole tripartite étudiait la fourniture d’hydroxyde de cobalt d’ERG à une nouvelle raffinerie Mechema. Metalkol était l’origine envisagée ; faisabilité et modalités commerciales restaient prospectives." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-erg-japan-2024" ], "asOf": "2024-04-09", "status": "announced", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-erg-japan-2024", "locator": "PDF p.1, opening three body paragraphs: ERG feed, Mechema refining, Marubeni distribution study." } ] }, { "id": "down-evelution-mitsui-2026", "from": "evelution-energy", "to": "mitsui", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "EVelution announced a binding five-year agreement for Mitsui to buy most planned cobalt-metal output, up to 3,000 tonnes annually. Construction was scheduled for 2027 and completion for late 2029.", "fr": "EVelution annonçait un contrat contraignant de cinq ans avec Mitsui pour l’essentiel de la production prévue de cobalt métal, jusqu’à 3 000 tonnes par an. Construction prévue en 2027 et achèvement fin 2029." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-evelution-mitsui-2026" ], "asOf": "2026-04-28", "status": "announced", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-evelution-mitsui-2026", "locator": "Opening three paragraphs; Strengthening Allied Industrial Cooperation construction schedule." } ] }, { "id": "down-gem-ecopro-proposal-2022", "from": "gem", "to": "ecopro", "predicate": "PROPOSED_SUPPLY_TO", "description": { "en": "GEM and EcoPro announced a memorandum envisaging 700,000 tonnes of NCA/NCM precursors during 2023–2026. The group-level memorandum does not prove shipment volumes.", "fr": "GEM et EcoPro annonçaient un protocole envisageant 700 000 tonnes de précurseurs NCA/NCM pour 2023–2026. Ce protocole au niveau du groupe ne démontre pas les volumes expédiés." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-gem-ecopro-2022" ], "asOf": "2022-03-28", "status": "announced", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-gem-ecopro-2022", "locator": "Opening paragraph and 700,000-tonne precursor commitment paragraph; not cobalt-metal volume." } ] }, { "id": "down-gem-ecoprobm-proposal-2024", "from": "gem", "to": "ecopro-bm", "predicate": "PROPOSED_SUPPLY_TO", "description": { "en": "A memorandum envisaged an additional 265,000 tonnes of precursors in 2025–2028, drawing on GEM's QMB Indonesian project. It neither establishes DRC cobalt origin nor actual fulfilment.", "fr": "Un protocole envisageait 265 000 tonnes supplémentaires de précurseurs en 2025–2028, liés au projet indonésien QMB de GEM. Il ne démontre ni origine congolaise du cobalt ni exécution effective." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-ecoprobm-history", "down-gem-ecoprobm-2024" ], "asOf": "2024-08-19", "status": "announced", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-gem-ecoprobm-2024", "locator": "Opening MoU paragraph; purchasing paragraph (2025–2028); QMB fulfilment paragraph." }, { "sourceId": "down-ecoprobm-history", "locator": "History, December2023; August2024 GEM MoU; footer Korea address." } ] }, { "id": "down-gem-ecoprobm-reported-2024", "from": "gem", "to": "ecopro-bm", "predicate": "SUPPLIES_TO", "description": { "en": "GEM's first-half 2024 contract table reports RMB1.92 billion executed with EcoPro BM for high-nickel NCA/NCM precursors. This reports execution in that period, not the later memorandum's fulfilment.", "fr": "Le tableau contractuel du premier semestre 2024 de GEM indique 1,92 milliard RMB exécutés avec EcoPro BM pour des précurseurs NCA/NCM riches en nickel. Cela concerne cette période, et non l’exécution du protocole ultérieur." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-gem-h1-2024" ], "asOf": "2024-06-30", "status": "reported", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-gem-h1-2024", "locator": "Printed pages 86–88, Section 4 Other material contracts: EcoPro BM and Glencore International AG rows; executed amounts during reporting period." } ] }, { "id": "down-gem-xtc-contract-2022", "from": "gem", "to": "xtc-new-energy", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "A development and supply agreement envisaged 455,000–540,000 tonnes of precursors in 2023–2027. Its portfolio explicitly included low-cobalt and cobalt-free products; total contract volume is not cobalt-bearing volume.", "fr": "Un accord de développement et fourniture prévoyait 455 000–540 000 tonnes de précurseurs en 2023–2027. Il incluait explicitement des produits pauvres en cobalt ou sans cobalt ; le volume total n’est pas un volume cobaltifère." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-gem-xtc-2022" ], "asOf": "2022-07-20", "status": "announced", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-gem-xtc-2022", "locator": "PDF pp.1–3 overview and product definition; p.12 prior Jingmen GEM cobalt-tetroxide framework. Final page year 2002 is a source typo; opening gives July20,2022." } ] }, { "id": "down-glencore-electra-2026", "from": "glencore", "to": "electra-battery-materials", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "Electra extended its cobalt-feedstock purchase agreement with Glencore AG through 2031. Commissioning and ramp-up supply was secured through 2027; the Canadian refinery remained under development.", "fr": "Electra prolongeait jusqu’en 2031 son contrat d’achat de cobalt auprès de Glencore AG. L’approvisionnement du démarrage était sécurisé jusqu’en 2027 ; la raffinerie canadienne restait en développement." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-electra-glencore-2026" ], "asOf": "2026-08-20", "status": "announced", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-electra-glencore-2026", "locator": "Opening two paragraphs; Highlights; LGES paragraph and commissioning schedule." } ] }, { "id": "down-glencore-evelution-proposal-2024", "from": "glencore", "to": "evelution-energy", "predicate": "PROPOSED_SUPPLY_TO", "description": { "en": "A letter of intent envisaged cobalt feedstock for EVelution's planned US facility. Final supply terms remained under negotiation; DRC facilities were mentioned without naming a particular mine.", "fr": "Une lettre d’intention envisageait du cobalt pour la future usine américaine d’EVelution. Les modalités définitives restaient à négocier ; des installations congolaises étaient évoquées sans mine particulière." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-evelution-glencore-2024" ], "asOf": "2024-04-02", "status": "announced", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-evelution-glencore-2024", "locator": "Under the LOI paragraphs and Ash Lazenby quotation; supply and possible reverse offtake remain proposals." } ] }, { "id": "down-glencore-gem-reported-2024", "from": "glencore", "to": "gem", "predicate": "SUPPLIES_TO", "description": { "en": "GEM's first-half 2024 contract table reports RMB1.04 billion executed under a December 2020 cobalt-hydroxide agreement with Glencore International AG. The table groups GEM and named subsidiaries; it does not identify mine origin.", "fr": "Le tableau contractuel du premier semestre 2024 de GEM indique 1,04 milliard RMB exécutés sous un accord d’hydroxyde de cobalt de décembre 2020 avec Glencore International AG. Il regroupe GEM et des filiales nommées, sans origine minière." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-gem-h1-2024" ], "asOf": "2024-06-30", "status": "reported", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-gem-h1-2024", "locator": "Printed pages 86–88, Section 4 Other material contracts: EcoPro BM and Glencore International AG rows; executed amounts during reporting period." } ] }, { "id": "down-glencore-sk-2019", "from": "glencore", "to": "sk-innovation", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "SK Innovation's battery business contracted for 30,000 tonnes of cobalt during 2020–2025. SK On, separated in 2021, retrospectively described this contract; the 2019 signatory was SK Innovation.", "fr": "L’activité batteries de SK Innovation avait contracté 30 000 tonnes de cobalt pour 2020–2025. SK On, séparée en 2021, décrit rétrospectivement ce contrat signé par SK Innovation." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-sk-glencore-2022", "down-yonhap-sk-2019" ], "asOf": "2022-09-29", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-sk-glencore-2022", "locator": "Supply-chain background paragraph beginning In June; About SK On identifies October 2021 spin-off." }, { "sourceId": "down-yonhap-sk-2019", "locator": "Main article, first two paragraphs." } ] }, { "id": "down-huayou-cobalt-stellantis-disclosure-2022", "from": "huayou-cobalt", "to": "stellantis", "predicate": "DISCLOSED_IN_SUPPLY_CHAIN_OF", "description": { "en": "Named in Stellantis's April 2022 cobalt-refiner list; direct purchasing and mine origin unspecified.", "fr": "Cité dans la liste cobalt de Stellantis d’avril 2022 ; achat direct et origine minière non précisés." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-stellantis-refiners-2022" ], "asOf": "2022-04-20", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-stellantis-refiners-2022", "locator": "PDF p.1 scope and footnote; p.2 named refiner table, material column includes cobalt. September filename is not reporting date." } ] }, { "id": "down-huayou-lg-reported-2023", "from": "huayou-cobalt", "to": "lg-chem", "predicate": "SUPPLIES_TO", "description": { "en": "Huayou reported that its high-nickel ternary precursor entered mass-production use in LG Chem's cathode materials in June 2023. This company-reported application does not identify mine origin or shipment quantities.", "fr": "Huayou indiquait que son précurseur ternaire riche en nickel était utilisé en production de masse dans les cathodes de LG Chem en juin 2023. Cette déclaration ne précise ni origine minière ni volumes expédiés." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-huayou-lg-2023" ], "asOf": "2023-06", "status": "reported", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-huayou-lg-2023", "locator": "Main text paragraphs 1–3 (lines 317–319), event June 2023, project development timeline." } ] }, { "id": "down-hunan-brunp-stellantis-disclosure-2022", "from": "hunan-brunp", "to": "stellantis", "predicate": "DISCLOSED_IN_SUPPLY_CHAIN_OF", "description": { "en": "Named in Stellantis's April 2022 cobalt-refiner list; direct purchasing and mine origin unspecified.", "fr": "Cité dans la liste cobalt de Stellantis d’avril 2022 ; achat direct et origine minière non précisés." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-stellantis-refiners-2022" ], "asOf": "2022-04-20", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-stellantis-refiners-2022", "locator": "PDF p.1 scope and footnote; p.2 named refiner table, material column includes cobalt. September filename is not reporting date." } ] }, { "id": "down-jingmen-gem-stellantis-disclosure-2022", "from": "jingmen-gem", "to": "stellantis", "predicate": "DISCLOSED_IN_SUPPLY_CHAIN_OF", "description": { "en": "Named in Stellantis's April 2022 cobalt-refiner list; direct purchasing and mine origin unspecified.", "fr": "Cité dans la liste cobalt de Stellantis d’avril 2022 ; achat direct et origine minière non précisés." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-stellantis-refiners-2022" ], "asOf": "2022-04-20", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-stellantis-refiners-2022", "locator": "PDF p.1 scope and footnote; p.2 named refiner table, material column includes cobalt. September filename is not reporting date." } ] }, { "id": "down-lg-gm-contract-2024", "from": "lg-chem", "to": "general-motors", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "LG Chem's January 2025 review confirms a 2024 agreement for over 500,000 tonnes of cathode materials during 2026–2035. Its earlier 2022 NCMA agreement is context, not an additional quantity to sum.", "fr": "La rétrospective de LG Chem de janvier 2025 confirme un accord de 2024 pour plus de 500 000 tonnes de cathodes en 2026–2035. L’accord NCMA de 2022 sert de contexte, sans additionner les volumes." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-lg-gm-2022", "down-lg-gm-2025" ], "asOf": "2025-01-07", "status": "announced", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-lg-gm-2025", "locator": "Section 3, Sign an $18 Billion Cathode Supply Contract with GM, 2026–2035 delivery plan." }, { "sourceId": "down-lg-gm-2022", "locator": "July 26 announcement dateline; binding agreement and 2022–2030 supply paragraphs; NCMA paragraph." } ] }, { "id": "down-lges-toyota-contract-2023", "from": "lg-energy-solution", "to": "toyota-motor-north-america", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "LG Energy Solution announced a long-term agreement for NCMA battery modules with Toyota Motor North America, planning annual capacity of 20 GWh from 2025. This announcement does not verify commencement.", "fr": "LG Energy Solution annonçait un contrat à long terme de modules NCMA avec Toyota Motor North America, avec une capacité prévue de 20 GWh par an dès 2025. L’annonce ne vérifie pas leur démarrage." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-lg-toyota-2023" ], "asOf": "2023-10-06", "status": "announced", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-lg-toyota-2023", "locator": "October 4 announcement dateline; first two body paragraphs; Michigan production paragraph." } ] }, { "id": "down-metalkol-electra-origin-2024", "from": "metalkol", "to": "electra-battery-materials", "predicate": "PLANNED_ORIGIN_FOR", "description": { "en": "ERG and Electra explicitly identified Metalkol as the planned cobalt-hydroxide origin in their 2024 arrangement. The mine site did not sign this agreement; shipment is unconfirmed.", "fr": "ERG et Electra désignaient explicitement Metalkol comme origine prévue de l’hydroxyde de cobalt dans leur accord de 2024. Le site n’en est pas le signataire ; aucune expédition n’est confirmée." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-electra-erg-2024" ], "asOf": "2024-04-02", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-electra-erg-2024", "locator": "Opening binding-LOI paragraph and first/third bullets." } ] }, { "id": "down-metalkol-evelution-origin-2023", "from": "metalkol", "to": "evelution-energy", "predicate": "PLANNED_ORIGIN_FOR", "description": { "en": "The preliminary ERG–EVelution agreement named Metalkol as planned feedstock origin. This is a project-origin statement, not a direct mine contract or observed shipment.", "fr": "L’accord préliminaire ERG–EVelution nommait Metalkol comme origine prévue. Cette indication de projet ne constitue ni un contrat signé par le site ni une expédition observée." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-evelution-erg-2023" ], "asOf": "2023-10-11", "status": "announced", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-evelution-erg-2023", "locator": "First three paragraphs; agreement explicitly preliminary." } ] }, { "id": "down-posco-lges-contract-2023", "from": "posco-future-m", "to": "lg-energy-solution", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "POSCO Future M announced an NCM/NCMA cathode-material supply contract covering 2023–2029.", "fr": "POSCO Future M annonçait un contrat de fourniture de cathodes NCM/NCMA couvrant 2023–2029." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-posco-lg-2023" ], "asOf": "2023-04-26", "status": "announced", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-posco-lg-2023", "locator": "Opening contract paragraphs; Major orders won table, separate LGES, Samsung and two Ultium NCMA rows." } ] }, { "id": "down-posco-sdi-contract-2023", "from": "posco-future-m", "to": "samsung-sdi", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "POSCO Chemical, subsequently POSCO Future M, signed a ten-year NCA cathode-material supply contract on January 30, 2023, covering 2023–2032.", "fr": "POSCO Chemical, devenue POSCO Future M, signait le 30 janvier 2023 un contrat de cathodes NCA sur dix ans, couvrant 2023–2032." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-posco-lg-2023", "down-posco-sdi-2023" ], "asOf": "2023-02-15", "status": "announced", "validFrom": "2023-01-30", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-posco-sdi-2023", "locator": "Main article paragraph beginning On the 30th; NCA definition immediately below." }, { "sourceId": "down-posco-lg-2023", "locator": "Opening contract paragraphs; Major orders won table, separate LGES, Samsung and two Ultium NCMA rows." } ] }, { "id": "down-posco-ultium-contract-2022a", "from": "posco-future-m", "to": "ultium-cells", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "POSCO's contract table records a July 2022 NCMA agreement with Ultium Cells covering 2023–2025. This historical tranche is separate from the later 2025–2033 contract.", "fr": "Le tableau contractuel de POSCO recense un accord NCMA de juillet 2022 avec Ultium Cells pour 2023–2025. Cette tranche historique est distincte du contrat couvrant 2025–2033." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-posco-lg-2023" ], "asOf": "2022-07", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-posco-lg-2023", "locator": "Opening contract paragraphs; Major orders won table, separate LGES, Samsung and two Ultium NCMA rows." } ] }, { "id": "down-posco-ultium-contract-2022b", "from": "posco-future-m", "to": "ultium-cells", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "POSCO's contract table records a May 2022 NCMA agreement with Ultium Cells covering 2025–2033.", "fr": "Le tableau contractuel de POSCO recense un accord NCMA de mai 2022 avec Ultium Cells couvrant 2025–2033." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-posco-lg-2023" ], "asOf": "2022-05", "status": "announced", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-posco-lg-2023", "locator": "Opening contract paragraphs; Major orders won table, separate LGES, Samsung and two Ultium NCMA rows." } ] }, { "id": "down-posco-ultium-shipment-2025", "from": "posco-future-m", "to": "ultium-cells", "predicate": "SUPPLIES_TO", "description": { "en": "POSCO reported a July 26, 2025 shipment of NCMA cathode materials to Ultium Cells, using precursors produced at its Gwangyang site. This confirms a reported shipment without tracing cobalt to a mine.", "fr": "POSCO signalait une expédition de cathodes NCMA vers Ultium Cells le 26 juillet 2025, avec des précurseurs de son site de Gwangyang. Cette livraison déclarée ne trace pas le cobalt jusqu’à une mine." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-posco-ultium-shipment-2025" ], "asOf": "2025-07-26", "status": "reported", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-posco-ultium-shipment-2025", "locator": "Main text paragraphs 2–3 (lines 42–43): NCMA chemistry, Ultium Cells recipient, July 26 shipment." } ] }, { "id": "down-quzhou-huayou-stellantis-disclosure-2022", "from": "quzhou-huayou", "to": "stellantis", "predicate": "DISCLOSED_IN_SUPPLY_CHAIN_OF", "description": { "en": "Named in Stellantis's April 2022 cobalt-refiner list; direct purchasing and mine origin unspecified.", "fr": "Cité dans la liste cobalt de Stellantis d’avril 2022 ; achat direct et origine minière non précisés." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-stellantis-refiners-2022" ], "asOf": "2022-04-20", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-stellantis-refiners-2022", "locator": "PDF p.1 scope and footnote; p.2 named refiner table, material column includes cobalt. September filename is not reporting date." } ] }, { "id": "down-umicore-lg-2019", "from": "umicore", "to": "lg-chem", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "LG Chem announced a 125,000-tonne NCM cathode-material purchase agreement starting in 2020. This records the 2019 agreement, without establishing current deliveries.", "fr": "LG Chem annonçait un contrat d’achat de 125 000 tonnes de cathodes NCM à partir de 2020. Cet accord de 2019 ne démontre pas des livraisons actuelles." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-lg-umicore-2019" ], "asOf": "2019-09-24", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-lg-umicore-2019", "locator": "Main article, paragraphs 2–3; NCM definition and regional supply paragraphs." } ] }, { "id": "down-umicore-sdi-2019", "from": "umicore", "to": "samsung-sdi", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "Umicore announced a multi-year agreement for almost 80,000 tonnes of NMC cathode materials, starting in 2020; historical agreement evidence.", "fr": "Umicore annonçait un accord pluriannuel portant sur près de 80 000 tonnes de cathodes NMC à partir de 2020 ; preuve historique du contrat." }, "sourceIds": [ "down-umicore-sdi-2019" ], "asOf": "2019-10-24", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "down-umicore-sdi-2019", "locator": "Opening paragraph; NMC product, start in 2020 and regional plants." } ] }, { "id": "egc-evelution-mou-2026", "from": "egc", "to": "evelution-energy", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Under the May 2026 tripartite MoU, EGC is expected to originate cobalt for proposed US processing via Trafigura. This records a conditional framework, not a binding offtake or actual flow.", "fr": "Selon le protocole tripartite de mai 2026, EGC devrait fournir du cobalt destiné au traitement américain projeté via Trafigura. Ce lien représente un cadre conditionnel, et non un contrat ferme ou un flux réel." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-egc-evelution-trafigura-mou-2026" ], "asOf": "2026-05-13", "status": "announced" }, { "id": "egc-kasulo-mou-2026", "from": "egc", "to": "kasulo-artisanal", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "The March 2026 MoU proposes formalisation and development of Kasulo and its supply chain. It does not verify mine deliveries or transfer of operating rights.", "fr": "Le protocole de mars 2026 prévoit la formalisation et le développement de Kasulo et de sa chaîne d’approvisionnement. Il ne vérifie ni livraisons ni transfert de droits d’exploitation." }, "sourceIds": [ "mercuria-kasulo-mou-2026" ], "asOf": "2026-03-25", "status": "announced" }, { "id": "egc-supplies-mercuria-2026", "from": "egc", "to": "mercuria", "predicate": "SUPPLIES_TO", "description": { "en": "Mercuria reports its first copper and cobalt transaction with EGC. No originating mine, cobalt destination or cobalt volume is established.", "fr": "Mercuria déclare sa première transaction de cuivre et de cobalt avec EGC. Mine d’origine, destination et volume du cobalt non établis." }, "sourceIds": [ "mercuria-egc-first-2026" ], "asOf": "2026-02-09", "status": "reported" }, { "id": "egc-trafigura-2020", "from": "egc", "to": "trafigura", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "The announced agreement included finance for controlled artisanal zones and traceable cobalt hydroxide delivery. It is not proof that a named mine supplied Trafigura.", "fr": "L’accord annoncé prévoyait le financement de zones artisanales contrôlées et la livraison traçable d’hydroxyde de cobalt. Il ne prouve pas l’approvisionnement de Trafigura par une mine nommée." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-egc-trafigura-2020", "trade-trafigura-annual-2021" ], "asOf": "2020-11-23", "status": "announced" }, { "id": "eiti-drc-supports-her-security", "to": "her-security", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Implementing partner.", "fr": "Partenaire de mise en œuvre." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-her-security-2025", "impact-her-security-project" ], "asOf": "2026-09-17", "status": "reported", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "impact-her-security-project", "locator": "Project dates 2024–2028; Partners section; What We Are Doing", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" }, { "sourceId": "impact-her-security-2025", "locator": "PDF p.1 EU funding; p.7 About the Implementing Partners and In Collaboration With; p.8 Canadian headquarters", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "eiti-drc" }, { "id": "eprm-supports-holistic-due-diligence", "to": "holistic-due-diligence", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Sponsor.", "fr": "Sponsor." }, "sourceIds": [ "nashiriki-hdd" ], "asOf": "2026-09-17", "status": "reported", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "nashiriki-hdd", "locator": "Who’s involved: EPRM/TMB sponsors, FCA partner, Umicore observer, Hive coordinator, La Sentinelle implementer", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "eprm" }, { "id": "erg-operates-metalkol", "from": "erg", "to": "metalkol", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "ERG describes Metalkol as its cobalt-copper tailings processing operation.", "fr": "ERG présente Metalkol comme son exploitation de retraitement de résidus cuivre-cobalt." }, "sourceIds": [ "erg-cobalt", "erg-tailings", "raid-environment-2024" ], "asOf": "2026-09-16", "status": "reported" }, { "id": "european-union-supports-her-security", "to": "her-security", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Funds the programme.", "fr": "Finance le programme." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-her-security-2025" ], "asOf": "2025-02", "status": "reported", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "impact-her-security-2025", "locator": "PDF p.1 funding; p.7 In Collaboration With and implementation support", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "european-union" }, { "id": "european-union-supports-mapping-payments", "to": "mapping-payments", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Listed donor.", "fr": "Bailleur cité." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-annual-2022-2023" ], "asOf": "2023", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "impact-annual-2022-2023", "locator": "Printed pp.24–25 (PDF pp.26–27), Spotlighted Projects: ASM Cobalt Framework, Her Security, Mapping Payments; legend identifies donors", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "european-union" }, { "id": "fair-cobalt-alliance-supports-holistic-due-diligence", "to": "holistic-due-diligence", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Programme partner.", "fr": "Partenaire du programme." }, "sourceIds": [ "nashiriki-hdd" ], "asOf": "2026-09-17", "status": "reported", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "nashiriki-hdd", "locator": "Who’s involved: EPRM/TMB sponsors, FCA partner, Umicore observer, Hive coordinator, La Sentinelle implementer", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "fair-cobalt-alliance" }, { "id": "fca-supports-kamilombe", "from": "fair-cobalt-alliance", "to": "kamilombe", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "FCA describes assistance to Kamilombe miners in collaboration with CMDS.", "fr": "La Fair Cobalt Alliance (FCA) décrit son accompagnement des mineurs de Kamilombe avec CMDS." }, "sourceIds": [ "fca-local" ], "asOf": "2026-09-16", "status": "reported", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "fca-local", "locator": "Our Partners / CMDS, final paragraph.", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-16" } ] }, { "id": "gecamines-allocation-mri", "from": "gecamines", "to": "mri", "predicate": "MARKETING_ALLOCATION", "description": { "en": "Named recipient of Kambove copper-cobalt lots in a joint allocation notice. Cobalt share per trader and delivered volumes are undisclosed; source has a conflicting body date.", "fr": "Bénéficiaire cité pour les lots cuivre-cobalt de Kambove dans une attribution conjointe. Part de cobalt par négociant et volumes livrés inconnus ; date contradictoire dans le texte." }, "sourceIds": [ "gecamines-kambove-allocation-2026" ], "asOf": "2026-01-29", "status": "reported" }, { "id": "gecamines-allocation-vitol", "from": "gecamines", "to": "vitol", "predicate": "MARKETING_ALLOCATION", "description": { "en": "Named recipient of Kambove copper-cobalt lots in a joint allocation notice. Cobalt share per trader and delivered volumes are undisclosed; source has a conflicting body date.", "fr": "Bénéficiaire cité pour les lots cuivre-cobalt de Kambove dans une attribution conjointe. Part de cobalt par négociant et volumes livrés inconnus ; date contradictoire dans le texte." }, "sourceIds": [ "gecamines-kambove-allocation-2026" ], "asOf": "2026-01-29", "status": "reported" }, { "id": "gecamines-markets-kambove", "from": "gecamines", "to": "kambove-mining", "predicate": "MARKETS_FOR", "description": { "en": "Gécamines reports rights to market equity-linked copper-cobalt lots from Kambove Mining. Source header 2026 conflicts with body dateline 2025.", "fr": "Gécamines déclare commercialiser des lots cuivre-cobalt liés à sa participation dans Kambove Mining. L’en-tête 2026 contredit la date 2025 du corps du texte." }, "sourceIds": [ "gecamines-kambove-allocation-2026" ], "asOf": "2026-01-29", "status": "reported" }, { "id": "gecamines-owns-egc", "from": "gecamines", "to": "egc", "predicate": "OWNS", "description": { "en": "Gécamines lists EGC as a subsidiary; no share percentage is inferred.", "fr": "Gécamines présente EGC comme une filiale ; aucun pourcentage n’est déduit." }, "sourceIds": [ "gecamines-subsidiaries", "mercuria-kasulo-mou-2026" ], "asOf": "2026-09-16", "status": "reported" }, { "id": "glencore-gem-2020-2024", "from": "glencore", "to": "gem", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "The October 2019 announcement covered cobalt hydroxide supply during 2020–2024. The stated contract period has ended; no renewal or delivered volume is established here.", "fr": "L’annonce d’octobre 2019 portait sur l’approvisionnement en hydroxyde de cobalt pour 2020–2024. La période annoncée est terminée ; aucun renouvellement ni volume livré n’est établi ici." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-glencore-gem-2019" ], "asOf": "2019-10-07", "status": "historical", "validFrom": "2020-01-01", "validTo": "2024-12-31" }, { "id": "glencore-owns-kcc", "from": "glencore", "to": "kcc", "predicate": "OWNS", "description": { "en": "Glencore identifies KCC as its DRC industrial asset and a partnership with Gécamines.", "fr": "Glencore présente KCC comme un actif industriel en RDC et un partenariat avec Gécamines." }, "sourceIds": [ "glencore-drc-operations", "raid-environment-2024" ], "asOf": "2026-09-16", "status": "reported" }, { "id": "glencore-owns-mutanda-mining", "from": "glencore", "to": "mutanda-mining", "predicate": "OWNS", "description": { "en": "USGS identifies Mutanda Mining as a Glencore subsidiary in its 2024 review.", "fr": "L’USGS présente Mutanda Mining comme une filiale de Glencore dans son bilan pour 2024." }, "sourceIds": [ "usgs-drc-2024" ], "asOf": "2024", "status": "historical" }, { "id": "glencore-samsung-2020-2024", "from": "glencore", "to": "samsung-sdi", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "The five-year agreement covered 2020–2024 and specified DRC industrial mining origin without naming individual mines. Its stated period has ended.", "fr": "L’accord de cinq ans couvrait 2020–2024 et indiquait une origine minière industrielle en RDC sans nommer les mines. Sa période annoncée est terminée." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-glencore-samsung-2020" ], "asOf": "2020-02-10", "status": "historical", "validFrom": "2020-01-01", "validTo": "2024-12-31" }, { "id": "glencore-umicore-2019", "from": "glencore", "to": "umicore", "predicate": "OFFTAKE_AGREEMENT", "description": { "en": "A long-term revolving cobalt hydroxide supply agreement was announced in May 2019, naming KCC and Mutanda as origins.", "fr": "Un accord renouvelable à long terme d’approvisionnement en hydroxyde de cobalt a été annoncé en mai 2019, avec KCC et Mutanda comme origines." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-glencore-umicore-2019" ], "asOf": "2019-05-29", "status": "announced", "validFrom": "2019-05-29" }, { "id": "good-shepherd-international-foundation-supports-her-security", "to": "her-security", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Collaborates on implementation.", "fr": "Collabore à la mise en œuvre." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-her-security-2025" ], "asOf": "2025-02", "status": "reported", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "impact-her-security-2025", "locator": "PDF p.1 funding; p.7 In Collaboration With and implementation support", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "good-shepherd-international-foundation" }, { "id": "good-shepherd-international-foundation-supports-her-security-phase-1", "to": "her-security-phase-1", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Named partner in the research phase.", "fr": "Partenaire nommé de la phase de recherche." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-her-security-2022", "impact-her-security-phase1" ], "asOf": "2023", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "impact-her-security-phase1", "locator": "Project Date (Start)/(End), 2022–2023; Partners section", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" }, { "sourceId": "impact-her-security-2022", "locator": "PDF pp.2–3: Lualaba field research, implementing partners and final funding paragraph", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "good-shepherd-international-foundation" }, { "id": "government-canada-supports-coexisting-for-sustainability", "to": "coexisting-for-sustainability", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Funds the announced 24-month programme.", "fr": "Finance le programme annoncé sur 24 mois." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-coexisting-launch-2026" ], "asOf": "2026-08-26", "status": "reported", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "impact-coexisting-launch-2026", "locator": "Opening dated August 26, 2026; Three Areas of Action; Next Steps After the Launch", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "government-canada" }, { "id": "hive-supports-holistic-due-diligence", "to": "holistic-due-diligence", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Coordinator.", "fr": "Coordinateur." }, "sourceIds": [ "nashiriki-hdd" ], "asOf": "2026-09-17", "status": "reported", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "nashiriki-hdd", "locator": "Who’s involved: EPRM/TMB sponsors, FCA partner, Umicore observer, Hive coordinator, La Sentinelle implementer", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "hive" }, { "id": "huayou-cdm-historical-ownership", "from": "huayou-cobalt", "to": "cdm", "predicate": "OWNS", "description": { "en": "Amnesty’s 2016 investigation documented CDM as a wholly owned Huayou subsidiary; this ownership claim is retained with its historical date.", "fr": "L’enquête d’Amnesty de 2016 documentait CDM comme filiale détenue intégralement par Huayou ; cette affirmation conserve sa date historique." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-amnesty-cobalt-news-2016", "trade-amnesty-cobalt-report-2016" ], "asOf": "2016-01-19", "status": "historical" }, { "id": "huayou-lf-materials-2013", "from": "huayou-cobalt", "to": "lf-materials", "predicate": "SUPPLIES_TO", "description": { "en": "Amnesty identified L&F Materials as a buyer of Huayou cobalt using 2013 sales records. This is a historical customer relationship, not current supply verification.", "fr": "Amnesty a identifié L&F Materials comme acheteur de cobalt de Huayou à partir des ventes de 2013. Il s’agit d’une relation historique, sans vérification d’un approvisionnement actuel." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-amnesty-cobalt-news-2016", "trade-amnesty-cobalt-report-2016" ], "asOf": "2013", "status": "historical", "validFrom": "2013-01-01", "validTo": "2013-12-31" }, { "id": "huayou-ningbo-shanshan-2013", "from": "huayou-cobalt", "to": "ningbo-shanshan", "predicate": "SUPPLIES_TO", "description": { "en": "Amnesty identified Ningbo Shanshan as a buyer of Huayou cobalt using 2013 sales records. This is a historical customer relationship, not current supply verification.", "fr": "Amnesty a identifié Ningbo Shanshan comme acheteur de cobalt de Huayou à partir des ventes de 2013. Il s’agit d’une relation historique, sans vérification d’un approvisionnement actuel." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-amnesty-cobalt-news-2016", "trade-amnesty-cobalt-report-2016" ], "asOf": "2013", "status": "historical", "validFrom": "2013-01-01", "validTo": "2013-12-31" }, { "id": "huayou-tianjin-bamo-2013", "from": "huayou-cobalt", "to": "tianjin-bamo", "predicate": "SUPPLIES_TO", "description": { "en": "Amnesty identified Tianjin Bamo as a buyer of Huayou cobalt using 2013 sales records. This is a historical customer relationship, not current supply verification.", "fr": "Amnesty a identifié Tianjin Bamo comme acheteur de cobalt de Huayou à partir des ventes de 2013. Il s’agit d’une relation historique, sans vérification d’un approvisionnement actuel." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-amnesty-cobalt-news-2016", "trade-amnesty-cobalt-report-2016" ], "asOf": "2013", "status": "historical", "validFrom": "2013-01-01", "validTo": "2013-12-31" }, { "id": "impact-supports-asm-cobalt-framework", "to": "asm-cobalt-framework", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Facilitated workshops on updated criteria.", "fr": "A facilité des ateliers sur les critères actualisés." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-annual-2022-2023" ], "asOf": "2023", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "impact-annual-2022-2023", "locator": "Printed pp.24–25 (PDF pp.26–27), Spotlighted Projects: ASM Cobalt Framework, Her Security, Mapping Payments; legend identifies donors", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "impact" }, { "id": "impact-supports-coexisting-for-sustainability", "to": "coexisting-for-sustainability", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Launched the programme in Kolwezi on 26 August 2026.", "fr": "A lancé le programme à Kolwezi le 26 août 2026." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-coexisting-launch-2026", "impact-coexisting-project" ], "asOf": "2026-08-26", "status": "reported", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "impact-coexisting-launch-2026", "locator": "Opening dated August 26, 2026; Three Areas of Action; Next Steps After the Launch", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" }, { "sourceId": "impact-coexisting-project", "locator": "Goal, What We Are Doing, Project dates 2026–2028 and Natural Resource: Cobalt & Copper", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "impact" }, { "id": "impact-supports-her-security", "to": "her-security", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Implements the 2024–2028 programme.", "fr": "Met en œuvre le programme 2024–2028." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-her-security-2025", "impact-her-security-project" ], "asOf": "2026-09-17", "status": "reported", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "impact-her-security-project", "locator": "Project dates 2024–2028; Partners section; What We Are Doing", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" }, { "sourceId": "impact-her-security-2025", "locator": "PDF p.1 EU funding; p.7 About the Implementing Partners and In Collaboration With; p.8 Canadian headquarters", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "impact" }, { "id": "impact-supports-her-security-phase-1", "to": "her-security-phase-1", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Led the completed research phase.", "fr": "A dirigé la phase de recherche achevée." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-her-security-2022", "impact-her-security-phase1" ], "asOf": "2023", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "impact-her-security-phase1", "locator": "Project Date (Start)/(End), 2022–2023; Partners section", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" }, { "sourceId": "impact-her-security-2022", "locator": "PDF pp.2–3: Lualaba field research, implementing partners and final funding paragraph", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "impact" }, { "id": "impact-supports-mapping-payments", "to": "mapping-payments", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Implemented cobalt tax and procedure mapping.", "fr": "A réalisé la cartographie des taxes et procédures du cobalt." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-annual-2022-2023" ], "asOf": "2023", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "impact-annual-2022-2023", "locator": "Printed pp.24–25 (PDF pp.26–27), Spotlighted Projects: ASM Cobalt Framework, Her Security, Mapping Payments; legend identifies donors", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "impact" }, { "id": "jinchuan-operates-musonoi-jinchuan", "from": "jinchuan", "to": "musonoi-jinchuan", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "Jinchuan reports Musonoi entered commercial production in November 2025.", "fr": "Jinchuan indique que Musonoi est entré en production commerciale en novembre 2025." }, "sourceIds": [ "jinchuan-mines", "jinchuan-musonoi-commercial-2025" ], "asOf": "2026-04-09", "status": "reported" }, { "id": "jinchuan-operates-ruashi", "from": "jinchuan", "to": "ruashi", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "Jinchuan International lists this copper-cobalt mine among its operations.", "fr": "Jinchuan International recense cette mine de cuivre et de cobalt parmi ses exploitations." }, "sourceIds": [ "jinchuan-mines" ], "asOf": "2026-09-16", "status": "reported" }, { "id": "kasulo-to-cdm", "from": "kasulo-artisanal", "to": "cdm", "predicate": "SUPPLIES_TO", "description": { "en": "Named among Kasulo’s principal buyers by the 2025 report. Volumes, contract terms and current purchasing are not established.", "fr": "Cité parmi les principaux acheteurs de Kasulo dans le rapport 2025. Les volumes, conditions contractuelles et achats actuels ne sont pas établis." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "asOf": "2025-07-15", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "eiti-asm-2025-sites", "locator": "Printed p.171, Kasulo paragraph, sentence naming CDM and Thomas as principal buyers.", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-16" } ] }, { "id": "kasulo-to-thomas-kasulo-buyer", "from": "kasulo-artisanal", "to": "thomas-kasulo-buyer", "predicate": "SUPPLIES_TO", "description": { "en": "Named among Kasulo’s principal buyers by the 2025 report. Volumes, contract terms and current purchasing are not established.", "fr": "Cité parmi les principaux acheteurs de Kasulo dans le rapport 2025. Les volumes, conditions contractuelles et achats actuels ne sont pas établis." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "asOf": "2025-07-15", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "eiti-asm-2025-sites", "locator": "Printed p.171, Kasulo paragraph, sentence naming CDM and Thomas as principal buyers.", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-16" } ] }, { "id": "kcc-operates-kamoto-underground", "from": "kcc", "to": "kamoto-underground", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "Listed as a KCC copper-cobalt mining operation for 2024.", "fr": "Recensée comme une exploitation cuivre-cobalt de KCC pour 2024." }, "sourceIds": [ "usgs-drc-2024" ], "asOf": "2024", "status": "historical" }, { "id": "kcc-operates-kov", "from": "kcc", "to": "kov", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "Listed as a KCC copper-cobalt mining operation for 2024.", "fr": "Recensée comme une exploitation cuivre-cobalt de KCC pour 2024." }, "sourceIds": [ "usgs-drc-2024" ], "asOf": "2024", "status": "historical" }, { "id": "kcc-operates-mashamba-east", "from": "kcc", "to": "mashamba-east", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "Listed as a KCC copper-cobalt mining operation for 2024.", "fr": "Recensée comme une exploitation cuivre-cobalt de KCC pour 2024." }, "sourceIds": [ "usgs-drc-2024" ], "asOf": "2024", "status": "historical" }, { "id": "kcc-umicore-agreement-origin-2019", "from": "kcc", "to": "umicore", "predicate": "PLANNED_ORIGIN_FOR", "description": { "en": "KCC was explicitly named as an origin under the Glencore–Umicore agreement. This edge records intended sourcing, not a separate KCC-signed contract or a verified shipment.", "fr": "KCC était explicitement désigné comme origine dans l’accord Glencore–Umicore. Ce lien représente une origine prévue, et non un contrat séparé signé par KCC ou une livraison vérifiée." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-glencore-umicore-2019" ], "asOf": "2019-05-29", "status": "historical", "validFrom": "2019-05-29" }, { "id": "la-jeunesse-kinsuka-kinsuka", "from": "la-jeunesse-kinsuka", "to": "kinsuka", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "Cooperative-site association explicitly recorded in the 2025 report; no exclusive operating right is inferred.", "fr": "Association coopérative-chantier explicitement recensée dans le rapport 2025; aucun droit exclusif d’exploitation n’est déduit." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "asOf": "2025-07-15", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "eiti-asm-2025-sites", "locator": "Printed p.253, Annex II, row 22; also p.188, cooperative table, row 20.", "verificationSummary": "La Jeunesse is directly paired with Kinsuka and ZEA669.", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-16" } ] }, { "id": "la-sentinelle-supports-holistic-due-diligence", "to": "holistic-due-diligence", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Local implementer.", "fr": "Mise en œuvre locale." }, "sourceIds": [ "nashiriki-hdd" ], "asOf": "2026-09-17", "status": "reported", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "nashiriki-hdd", "locator": "Who’s involved: EPRM/TMB sponsors, FCA partner, Umicore observer, Hive coordinator, La Sentinelle implementer", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "la-sentinelle" }, { "id": "maadini-ya-maendeleo-tshipuki", "from": "maadini-ya-maendeleo", "to": "tshipuki", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "Listed as a cooperative working this site in the May 2025 table; this does not imply exclusive control or ownership.", "fr": "Recensée parmi les coopératives de ce chantier dans le tableau de mai 2025; cela n’implique ni contrôle exclusif ni propriété." }, "sourceIds": [ "eiti-asm-2025-sites" ], "asOf": "2025-05", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "eiti-asm-2025-sites", "locator": "Printed p.186, Table 27, row 8.", "verificationSummary": "Maadini Ya Maendeleo is directly paired with Tshipuki; no merge with the distinct spelling/association in Annex II is inferred.", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-16" } ] }, { "id": "mercuria-kasulo-mou-2026", "from": "mercuria", "to": "kasulo-artisanal", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "The March 2026 MoU proposes formalisation and development of Kasulo and its supply chain. It does not verify mine deliveries or transfer of operating rights.", "fr": "Le protocole de mars 2026 prévoit la formalisation et le développement de Kasulo et de sa chaîne d’approvisionnement. Il ne vérifie ni livraisons ni transfert de droits d’exploitation." }, "sourceIds": [ "mercuria-kasulo-mou-2026" ], "asOf": "2026-03-25", "status": "announced" }, { "id": "mercuria-supports-gecamines-2025", "from": "mercuria", "to": "gecamines", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Gécamines reports an operational trading partnership with Mercuria providing logistics, market access and financing support.", "fr": "Gécamines décrit un partenariat commercial opérationnel avec Mercuria apportant logistique, accès au marché et appui financier." }, "sourceIds": [ "gecamines-mercuria-2025" ], "asOf": "2025-12-05", "status": "reported" }, { "id": "missio-austria-supports-her-security", "to": "her-security", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Collaborates on implementation.", "fr": "Collabore à la mise en œuvre." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-her-security-2025" ], "asOf": "2025-02", "status": "reported", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "impact-her-security-2025", "locator": "PDF p.1 funding; p.7 In Collaboration With and implementation support", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "missio-austria" }, { "id": "mmg-operates-kinsevere", "from": "mmg", "to": "kinsevere", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "MMG operates Kinsevere; its April 2026 report separates ongoing copper operations, suspended cobalt production and inventory-based cobalt exports.", "fr": "MMG exploite Kinsevere ; son rapport d’avril 2026 distingue cuivre en activité, production de cobalt suspendue et exportations de cobalt sur stocks." }, "sourceIds": [ "mmg-cobalt-inventory-2026", "mmg-cobalt-pause", "mmg-first-cobalt" ], "asOf": "2026-04-21", "status": "reported" }, { "id": "mutanda-mining-operates-mutanda", "from": "mutanda-mining", "to": "mutanda", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "Mutanda Mining operated the mine and refinery in the USGS 2024 review.", "fr": "Mutanda Mining exploitait la mine et la raffinerie selon le bilan USGS pour 2024." }, "sourceIds": [ "usgs-drc-2024" ], "asOf": "2024", "status": "historical" }, { "id": "mutanda-umicore-agreement-origin-2019", "from": "mutanda", "to": "umicore", "predicate": "PLANNED_ORIGIN_FOR", "description": { "en": "Mutanda was explicitly named as an origin under the Glencore–Umicore agreement. This edge records intended sourcing, not a separate mine-signed contract or a verified shipment.", "fr": "Mutanda était explicitement désigné comme origine dans l’accord Glencore–Umicore. Ce lien représente une origine prévue, et non un contrat séparé signé par la mine ou une livraison vérifiée." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-glencore-umicore-2019" ], "asOf": "2019-05-29", "status": "historical", "validFrom": "2019-05-29" }, { "id": "pact-egc-2020", "from": "pact", "to": "egc", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Pact was named as a participant in the planned EGC technical committee supporting responsible sourcing diligence.", "fr": "Pact était cité comme participant au comité technique prévu d’EGC pour accompagner la diligence d’approvisionnement responsable." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-egc-trafigura-2020" ], "asOf": "2020-11-23", "status": "announced" }, { "id": "pact-mutoshi-pilot", "from": "pact", "to": "mutoshi-pilot", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Pact provided monitoring and technical support to the historical Mutoshi artisanal pilot, suspended in March 2020.", "fr": "Pact apportait suivi et appui technique au pilote artisanal historique de Mutoshi, suspendu en mars 2020." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-pact-mutoshi-2019", "trade-pact-mutoshi-suspended-2020", "trade-trafigura-responsibility-2018" ], "asOf": "2020-06-22", "status": "historical", "validFrom": "2018-01", "validTo": "2020-03" }, { "id": "rba-foundation-supports-her-security-phase-1", "to": "her-security-phase-1", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Channelled funding from an unnamed RMI member.", "fr": "Achemine le financement d’un membre non nommé de la RMI." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-annual-2022-2023", "impact-her-security-2022" ], "asOf": "2023", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "impact-her-security-2022", "locator": "PDF pp.2–3: Lualaba field research, implementing partners and final funding paragraph", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" }, { "sourceId": "impact-annual-2022-2023", "locator": "Printed pp.24–25 (PDF pp.26–27), Spotlighted Projects: ASM Cobalt Framework, Her Security, Mapping Payments; legend identifies donors", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "rba-foundation" }, { "id": "rmi-supports-asm-cobalt-framework", "to": "asm-cobalt-framework", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Listed donor for framework work.", "fr": "Bailleur cité des travaux sur le cadre." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-annual-2022-2023" ], "asOf": "2023", "status": "historical", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "impact-annual-2022-2023", "locator": "Printed pp.24–25 (PDF pp.26–27), Spotlighted Projects: ASM Cobalt Framework, Her Security, Mapping Payments; legend identifies donors", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "rmi" }, { "id": "rmi-supports-her-security", "to": "her-security", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Supports implementation.", "fr": "Soutient la mise en œuvre." }, "sourceIds": [ "impact-her-security-2025" ], "asOf": "2025-02", "status": "reported", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "impact-her-security-2025", "locator": "PDF p.1 funding; p.7 In Collaboration With and implementation support", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "rmi" }, { "id": "shalina-trafigura-2021", "from": "shalina-resources", "to": "trafigura", "predicate": "SUPPLIES_TO", "description": { "en": "Trafigura reported supplying customers with cobalt hydroxide from Shalina Resources in its 2021 annual report; no individual mine is identified in that passage.", "fr": "Dans son rapport annuel 2021, Trafigura déclarait fournir à ses clients de l’hydroxyde de cobalt provenant de Shalina Resources ; le passage ne nomme aucune mine individuelle." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-trafigura-annual-2021" ], "asOf": "2021", "status": "historical" }, { "id": "somidez-operates-deziwa", "from": "somidez", "to": "deziwa", "predicate": "OPERATES", "description": { "en": "USGS associates Somidez’s copper and cobalt exports with the Deziwa mine in 2024.", "fr": "L’USGS associe les exportations de cuivre et de cobalt de Somidez à la mine de Deziwa en 2024." }, "sourceIds": [ "usgs-drc-2024" ], "asOf": "2024", "status": "historical" }, { "id": "tfm-ixm-marketing-2022", "from": "tenke-fungurume", "to": "ixm", "predicate": "SUPPLIES_TO", "description": { "en": "CMOC reported that IXM sold all TFM copper and cobalt products and described product traceability on arrival at IXM. This is a 2022 marketing and custody relationship.", "fr": "CMOC déclarait qu’IXM vendait tous les produits cuivre et cobalt de TFM et décrivait leur traçabilité à l’arrivée chez IXM. Il s’agit d’une relation commerciale et de garde documentée en 2022." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-cmoc-ixm-tfm-2022" ], "asOf": "2022-05-25", "status": "reported" }, { "id": "trafigura-evelution-mou-2026", "from": "trafigura", "to": "evelution-energy", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "A May 2026 tripartite MoU envisages Trafigura logistics and marketing for a proposed US cobalt chain. Definitive agreements and future refinery construction remain necessary; no delivered supply is asserted.", "fr": "Un protocole tripartite de mai 2026 prévoit la logistique et la commercialisation par Trafigura pour une filière cobalt américaine projetée. Accords définitifs et construction future restent nécessaires ; aucune livraison n’est affirmée." }, "sourceIds": [ "trade-egc-evelution-trafigura-mou-2026" ], "asOf": "2026-05-13", "status": "announced" }, { "id": "trust-merchant-bank-supports-holistic-due-diligence", "to": "holistic-due-diligence", "predicate": "SUPPORTS", "description": { "en": "Sponsor; access-to-banking role.", "fr": "Sponsor ; rôle d’accès bancaire." }, "sourceIds": [ "nashiriki-hdd" ], "asOf": "2026-09-17", "status": "reported", "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "nashiriki-hdd", "locator": "Who’s involved: EPRM/TMB sponsors, FCA partner, Umicore observer, Hive coordinator, La Sentinelle implementer", "verifiedOn": "2026-09-17" } ], "from": "trust-merchant-bank" }, { "id": "vlmh-owns-chemaf-group-2026", "from": "virtus-lloyds-minerals-holding", "to": "chemaf", "predicate": "OWNS", "description": { "en": "Lloyds reported VLMH acquired all Chemaf Group shares, including control of Chemaf SA. This records indirect group control.", "fr": "Lloyds a annoncé l’acquisition par VLMH de toutes les actions de Chemaf Group, contrôlant Chemaf SA. Il s’agit d’un contrôle indirect." }, "sourceIds": [ "lloyds-chemaf-completed-2026" ], "asOf": "2026-03-30", "status": "reported" }, { "id": "zijin-owns-commus", "from": "zijin", "to": "commus", "predicate": "OWNS", "description": { "en": "The 2023 Amnesty/IBGDH report identifies Zijin as COMMUS’s majority owner.", "fr": "Le rapport Amnesty/IBGDH de 2023 présente Zijin comme l’actionnaire majoritaire de COMMUS." }, "sourceIds": [ "amnesty-industrial-2023", "raid-environment-2024" ], "asOf": "2023-09-12", "status": "historical" } ], "sources": [ { "id": "amnesty-industrial-2023", "title": "Powering Change or Business as Usual?", "publisher": "Amnesty International / IBGDH", "url": "https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/AFR6270092023ENGLISH.pdf", "published": "2023-09-12", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "Mutoshi is a copper and cobalt mining project, north-east of Kolwezi.", "locator": "pp.6–7 executive summary; COMMUS, Chemaf and Metalkol; company responses in annex" }, { "id": "chemaf-etoile", "title": "Etoile Mine", "publisher": "Chemaf", "url": "https://www.chemaf.com/operations/etoile-mine/", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "Etoile is one of the largest open-cast copper-cobalt mining operations in the DRC.", "locator": "Etoile Mine overview" }, { "id": "cmoc-drc", "title": "The DRC: copper and cobalt", "publisher": "CMOC", "url": "https://en.cmoc.com/html/Business/Congo-Cu-Co/", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "CMOC holds an 80% stake in the TFM copper-cobalt mine and a 71.25% stake in the KFM copper-cobalt mine", "locator": "Business operations; Copper and cobalt mines in the DRC", "aliasIds": [ "trade-cmoc-drc-operations-2026" ], "additionalLocators": [ "Business operations, first paragraph and mines table; undated live page retrieved 2026-09-16, contains 2025 results." ] }, { "id": "cmoc-kfm-history", "title": "KFM scheduled to start production", "publisher": "CMOC", "url": "https://en.cmoc.com/html/2022/News_0701/60.html", "published": "2022-07-01", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "CMOC and CATL jointly announced that CATL would obtain a minority stake in KFM through its subsidiary.", "locator": "Final paragraph; 2021 minority investment announcement" }, { "id": "cnmc-deziwa", "title": "Deziwa mining project in the DRC", "publisher": "CNMC", "url": "https://www.cnmc.com.cn/ysen/BusinessScope/BusinessScopePage/Resource/dom/2025/5/I1371494382322057216.html", "published": "2026-01-05", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "The Deziwa mining project in the DRC is CNMC's largest standalone overseas copper-cobalt investment", "locator": "Resource Development; Deziwa mining project" }, { "id": "down-cngr-lg-2023", "title": "CNGR signed a long-term purchase and sale contract with South Korea's LG Chem", "publisher": "CNGR", "url": "https://www.cngrgf.com.cn/en-US/gsxw/1087.html", "published": "2023-03-23", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "signed the long-term purchase and sale contract for ternary precursors", "locator": "Main text opening and contract paragraph (lines 47,54), NCM workshop reference (line 48), China address footer (line 65)." }, { "id": "down-ecoprobm-history", "title": "EcoPro BM history", "publisher": "EcoPro BM", "url": "https://ecoprobm.com/eng/sub010103/view", "published": null, "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "EcoProBM Enters Long-Term Supply Contract With Samsung SDI for Cathode Materials", "locator": "History, December2023; August2024 GEM MoU; footer Korea address." }, { "id": "down-electra-erg-2024", "title": "Electra and Eurasian Resources Group Sign Cobalt Supply Agreement", "publisher": "Electra Battery Materials", "url": "https://www.electrabmc.com/news-releases/news/electra-and-eurasian-resources-group--sign-cobalt-supply-agreement", "published": "2024-04-02", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "Cobalt will come from ERG’s Metalkol operation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo", "locator": "Opening binding-LOI paragraph and first/third bullets." }, { "id": "down-electra-glencore-2026", "title": "Electra Secures 100% of Cobalt Feedstock Required for Refinery Commissioning and Ramp-Up", "publisher": "Electra Battery Materials", "url": "https://www.electrabmc.com/news-releases/news/electra-secures-100-of-cobalt-feedstock-required-for-refinery-commissioning-and-ramp-up", "published": "2026-08-20", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "an extension of its cobalt hydroxide feed purchase agreement with Glencore AG", "locator": "Opening two paragraphs; Highlights; LGES paragraph and commissioning schedule." }, { "id": "down-electra-lg-2026", "title": "Electra and LG Energy Solution Update Multi-Year Cobalt Supply Agreement", "publisher": "Electra Battery Materials", "url": "https://electrabmc.com/news-releases/news/electra-and-lg-energy-solution-update-multi-year-cobalt-supply-agreement", "published": "2026-03-10", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "a firm commitment for 60% of Electra’s cobalt sulfate production through to 2029", "locator": "Opening paragraph (term sheet dated March 6); updated agreement and construction schedule paragraphs." }, { "id": "down-electrive-ecoprobm-2023", "title": "EcoPro & Samsung SDI sign cathode materials deal", "publisher": "electrive", "url": "https://www.electrive.com/2023/12/04/ecopro-samsung-sdi-sign-cathode-materials-deal-worth-over-30-billion-euros/", "published": "2023-12-04", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "The supply agreement is valid from 2024 to 2028", "locator": "First two main paragraphs; NCA chemistry and worldwide Samsung plants." }, { "id": "down-erg-japan-2024", "title": "Eurasian Resources Group Inks MoU to Supply Cobalt to Japanese market with Mechema and Marubeni", "publisher": "Eurasian Resources Group", "url": "https://www.ergafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/Press-release-Eurasian-Resources-Group-Inks-MoU-to-Supply-Cobalt-to-Japanese-market-with-Mechema-and-Marubeni.pdf", "published": "2024-04-09", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "Mechema will conduct a feasibility study into the construction of a new cobalt refining plant", "locator": "PDF p.1, opening three body paragraphs: ERG feed, Mechema refining, Marubeni distribution study." }, { "id": "down-evelution-erg-2023", "title": "EVelution Energy Inks Five-Year Supply Agreement for its Cobalt Processing Facility with Eurasian Resources Group", "publisher": "EVelution Energy", "url": "https://evelutionenergy.com/press-release-evelution-energy-recognized-for-contribution-to-arizona-eyes-doubling-output-at-planned-cobalt-processing-facility-2/", "published": "2023-10-11", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "ERG plans to supply cobalt hydroxide from its flagship Metalkol production facility in the DRC.", "locator": "First three paragraphs; agreement explicitly preliminary." }, { "id": "down-evelution-glencore-2024", "title": "EVelution Energy and Glencore Sign a Letter of Intent to Supply EVelution’s U.S. Cobalt Processing Facility", "publisher": "EVelution Energy", "url": "https://evelutionenergy.com/evelution-energy-and-glencore-sign-a-letter-of-intent-to-supply-evelutions-u-s-cobalt-processing-facility/", "published": "2024-04-02", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "Glencore and EVelution are finalizing the terms of a long-term supply agreement", "locator": "Under the LOI paragraphs and Ash Lazenby quotation; supply and possible reverse offtake remain proposals." }, { "id": "down-evelution-mitsui-2026", "title": "EVelution Energy Secured a Cobalt Metal Offtake Agreement with Mitsui & Co.", "publisher": "EVelution Energy", "url": "https://evelutionenergy.com/evelution-energy-secures-850-million-cobalt-offtake-agreement-with-mitsui-advancing-u-s-and-allied-critical-minerals-independence/", "published": "2026-04-28", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "the signing of a binding long-term offtake agreement with Mitsui & Co., Ltd.", "locator": "Opening three paragraphs; Strengthening Allied Industrial Cooperation construction schedule." }, { "id": "down-gem-ecopro-2022", "title": "GEM & ECOPRO QMB equity and precursor supply MOU signing", "publisher": "GEM", "url": "https://en.gem.com.cn/CompanyNews/info_itemid_6620.html", "published": "2022-03-28", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "an MOU of the supply of NCA&NCM high-nickel ternary precursor materials from 2023 to 2026.", "locator": "Opening paragraph and 700,000-tonne precursor commitment paragraph; not cobalt-metal volume." }, { "id": "down-gem-ecoprobm-2024", "title": "GEM and South Korea's EcoPro BM Forge 265,000-Ton Precursor Supply Agreement", "publisher": "GEM", "url": "https://en.gem.com.cn/CompanyNews/info_itemid_7522.html", "published": "2024-08-19", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "EcoPro BM will additionally purchase 265,000 tons of precursors from GEM", "locator": "Opening MoU paragraph; purchasing paragraph (2025–2028); QMB fulfilment paragraph." }, { "id": "down-gem-h1-2024", "title": "GEM Co., Ltd. 2024 Semi-Annual Report", "publisher": "GEM", "url": "https://en.gem.com.cn/uploadfiles/2024/08/20240829181625285.pdf", "published": "2024-08", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "Crude cobalt hydroxide raw materials", "locator": "Printed pages 86–88, Section 4 Other material contracts: EcoPro BM and Glencore International AG rows; executed amounts during reporting period." }, { "id": "down-gem-xtc-2022", "title": "GEM announcement 2022-080: new-generation ternary precursors development and supply agreement with XTC", "publisher": "GEM", "url": "https://en.gem.com.cn/uploadfiles/2022/07/20220721183744301.pdf", "published": "2022-07-20", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "From 2023 to 2027, Party B will supply 455-540,000 tons of ternary precursor products to Party A.", "locator": "PDF pp.1–3 overview and product definition; p.12 prior Jingmen GEM cobalt-tetroxide framework. Final page year 2002 is a source typo; opening gives July20,2022." }, { "id": "down-huayou-lg-2023", "title": "First Mass Production to Extend Battery Life by Over 30%!", "publisher": "Huayou Cobalt", "url": "https://www.huayou.com/en/news/corporate-news/107", "published": "2023-07-10", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "successfully applying its high-nickel ternary precursor product to LG Chem's next-generation high-nickel monocrystalline cathode materials", "locator": "Main text paragraphs 1–3 (lines 317–319), event June 2023, project development timeline." }, { "id": "down-kjd-ecoprobm-2023", "title": "EcoPro BM secures deal as Samsung SDI's cathode supplier", "publisher": "Korea JoongAng Daily", "url": "https://www.koreajoongangdaily.com/business/ecopro-bm-secures-34-billion-deal-as-samsung-sdis-cathode-supplier/11483248", "published": "2023-12-03", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "An accumulated 200,000 tons of cathodes were supplied to Samsung SDI until 2023, EcoPro BM said.", "locator": "Opening contract paragraph and historical deliveries paragraph; company-attributed, not independent volume audit." }, { "id": "down-lg-gm-2022", "title": "LG Chem and General Motors Reach Agreement for Long-Term Supply of Cathode Active Material", "publisher": "LG", "url": "https://www.lgcorp.com/media/release/25119", "published": "2022-07-27", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "The cathode materials that LG Chem plans to supply are NCMA (nickel, cobalt, manganese and aluminum) cathode materials", "locator": "July 26 announcement dateline; binding agreement and 2022–2030 supply paragraphs; NCMA paragraph." }, { "id": "down-lg-gm-2025", "title": "Top 10 News of LG Chem 2024", "publisher": "LG Chem", "url": "https://blog.lgchem.com/en/2025/01/07_2024_lgchem_news/", "published": "2025-01-07", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "LG Chem has signed an $18 billion-scale cathode supply contract with North America’s GM.", "locator": "Section 3, Sign an $18 Billion Cathode Supply Contract with GM, 2026–2035 delivery plan." }, { "id": "down-lg-toyota-2023", "title": "LG Energy Solution and Toyota Sign Long-term Battery Supply Agreement", "publisher": "LG", "url": "https://lgcorp.com/media/release/26840", "published": "2023-10-06", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "The battery modules, consisting of high-nickel NCMA (nickel, cobalt, manganese, aluminum) pouch-type cells", "locator": "October 4 announcement dateline; first two body paragraphs; Michigan production paragraph." }, { "id": "down-lg-umicore-2019", "title": "LG Chem signs cathode supply contract with Umicore", "publisher": "LG", "url": "https://www.lg.co.kr/media/release/21041", "published": "2019-09-24", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "LG화학은 2020년부터 총 12만 5천톤의 양극재를 공급받게 된다.", "locator": "Main article, paragraphs 2–3; NCM definition and regional supply paragraphs." }, { "id": "down-posco-lg-2023", "title": "POSCO Future M receives order for high-nickel cathode materials from LG Energy Solution", "publisher": "POSCO Future M", "url": "https://www.poscofuturem.com/en/pr/view.do?num=684", "published": "2023-04-26", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "The products supplied by POSCO Future M are high-nickel NCM and NCMA cathode materials", "locator": "Opening contract paragraphs; Major orders won table, separate LGES, Samsung and two Ultium NCMA rows." }, { "id": "down-posco-sdi-2023", "title": "POSCO Chemical lands cathode materials supply contract for Samsung SDI’s batteries", "publisher": "POSCO Group", "url": "https://newsroom.posco.com/en/posco-chemical-lands-40-trillion-krw-cathode-materials-supply-contract-for-samsung-sdis-batteries/", "published": "2023-02-15", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "supply high-nickel NCA cathode materials for electric vehicle batteries to Samsung SDI", "locator": "Main article paragraph beginning On the 30th; NCA definition immediately below." }, { "id": "down-posco-ultium-shipment-2025", "title": "POSCO Future M makes first shipment of supply chain independent cathode materials to the United States", "publisher": "POSCO", "url": "https://newsroom.posco.com/en/posco-future-m-makes-first-shipment-of-supply-chain-independent-cathode-materials-to-the-united-states/", "published": "2025-08-13", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "The cathode materials shipped for the first time on July 26", "locator": "Main text paragraphs 2–3 (lines 42–43): NCMA chemistry, Ultium Cells recipient, July 26 shipment." }, { "id": "down-sk-glencore-2022", "title": "SK On signs MOU with Global Lithium Resources to Bolster Key Battery Materials Supply Chain", "publisher": "SK", "url": "https://eng.sk.com/news/sk-on-signs-mou-with-global-lithium-resources-to-bolster-key-battery-materials-supply-chain", "published": "2022-09-29", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "to secure cobalt for six years from 2020 to 2025.", "locator": "Supply-chain background paragraph beginning In June; About SK On identifies October 2021 spin-off." }, { "id": "down-stellantis-refiners-2022", "title": "Refiners in our direct material supply chain for high-voltage batteries", "publisher": "Stellantis", "url": "https://www.stellantis.com/content/dam/stellantis-corporate/sustainability/responsible-purchasing-practices/CO_LI_REFINERS_Sept_2022.pdf", "published": null, "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "This list represents our findings as of April 20, 2022.", "locator": "PDF p.1 scope and footnote; p.2 named refiner table, material column includes cobalt. September filename is not reporting date." }, { "id": "down-umicore-sdi-2019", "title": "Umicore announces strategic supply agreement with Samsung SDI for NMC cathode materials", "publisher": "Umicore", "url": "https://www.umicore.kr/en/news/umicore-announces-strategic-supply-agreement-with-samsung-sdi-for-nmc-cathode-materials/", "published": "2019-10-24", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "Umicore has signed a multi-year strategic agreement with Samsung SDI", "locator": "Opening paragraph; NMC product, start in 2020 and regional plants." }, { "id": "down-yonhap-sk-2019", "title": "SK Innovation, Glencore sign 6-year cobalt supply deal", "publisher": "Yonhap News Agency", "url": "https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20191204002400320", "published": "2019-12-04", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "SK Innovation will receive a total of 30,000 tons of cobalt", "locator": "Main article, first two paragraphs." }, { "id": "eiti-asm-2025-sites", "title": "Contribution à la mobilisation des ressources domestiques au travers de l’amélioration de la gouvernance de la filière artisanale cuivre-cobalt", "publisher": "ITIE-RDC / EITI", "url": "https://eiti.org/fr/document/25622", "published": "2025-11", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "CDM et THOMAS sont les principaux acheteurs des produits de Kasulo.", "locator": "Printed p.171 (PDF page index 170), section 1.1, Kasulo paragraph, final buyer sentence.", "licence": "EITI landing-page footer permits republication with source credit unless otherwise indicated.", "landingPage": "https://eiti.org/fr/documents/lemape-dans-cuivre-et-le-cobalt-en-rdc-2025", "summary": "Report dated 15 July 2025. Tables 22–23 list artisanal workings within mining titles; Table 27 lists cooperatives and workings as of May 2025. Section 1.1 identifies Kasulo cobalt and its buyers. Annex II lists sites, cooperatives and depots. These are historical observations, not a current-operation verification.", "passageType": "verbatim excerpt", "summaryType": "paraphrase" }, { "id": "erg-cobalt", "title": "Cobalt division", "publisher": "Eurasian Resources Group", "url": "https://www.eurasianresources.lu/en/pages/divisions-products/cobalt-division.html", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "ERG’s Metalkol processes oxide cobalt/copper tailings to produce cobalt hydroxide", "locator": "Cobalt division, final operational description" }, { "id": "erg-tailings", "title": "Environmental Stewardship", "publisher": "ERG Africa", "url": "https://www.ergafrica.com/sustainability/environmental-stewardship/", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "Dry-stacked at the dust-emitting Kingamyambo Tailings Dam (approximately 30 million tonnes)", "locator": "Tailings processing at Metalkol (also Musonoi River valley)" }, { "id": "fca-local", "title": "Local Partners", "publisher": "Fair Cobalt Alliance", "url": "https://faircobaltalliance.org/supply-chain-wide-collaboration/local-partners/", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "artisanal miners from the Kapata community, who work at the Kamilombe mine site.", "locator": "CMDS section", "aliasIds": [ "fca-local-partners-cmds" ], "additionalLocators": [ "Our Partners / CMDS, fifth paragraph, opening clause; HTML article, no page number." ] }, { "id": "gecamines-kambove-allocation-2026", "title": "Attribution des lots cuivre et cobalt de Gécamines dans sa JV Kambove Mining", "url": "https://gecamines.cd/attribution-des-lots-cuivre-et-cobalt-de-gecamines-dans-sa-jv-kambove-mining/", "published": "2026-01-29", "passage": "aux sociétés internationales de trading, VITOL et MRI.", "locator": "Opening two paragraphs. Header says 29 January 2026; body dateline says 2025 despite citing end-2025 consultation and 2026 targets. Date conflict retained.", "publisher": "Gécamines", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "gecamines-mercuria-2025", "title": "Gécamines et Mercuria lancent un partenariat dédié au commerce du cuivre et du cobalt en RDC", "url": "https://gecamines.cd/gecamines-et-mercuria-lancent-un-partenariat-dedie-au-commerce-du-cuivre-et-du-cobalt-en-rdc/", "published": "2025-12-05", "passage": "Le partenariat est déjà opérationnel", "locator": "Opening and partnership structure; operational statement near end. DFC investment is prospective interest, not completed equity.", "publisher": "Gécamines", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "gecamines-subsidiaries", "title": "Nos filiales", "url": "https://gecamines.cd/nos-filiales/", "published": null, "passage": "Entreprise Générale du Cobalt SA, « EGC » est une filiale de GECAMINES créée en 2019", "locator": "EGC subsection; undated page, checked September 2026.", "publisher": "Gécamines", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "glencore-drc-operations", "title": "Our operations", "publisher": "Glencore", "url": "https://www.glencore.cd/en/our-operations", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "Glencore operates two industrial assets producing copper and cobalt in the DRC", "locator": "Our operations, paragraph naming KCC and Mutanda" }, { "id": "impact-about", "title": "About IMPACT", "publisher": "IMPACT", "url": "https://impacttransform.org/about/", "published": null, "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "We are an independent non-profit, collaborating with local partners for lasting change.", "locator": "About IMPACT; history timeline, 1986 foundation and 2018 cobalt work", "summary": "Canadian natural-resource governance organisation; cobalt work appears in its 2018 timeline." }, { "id": "impact-annual-2022-2023", "title": "IMPACT Annual Report 2022–2023", "publisher": "IMPACT", "url": "https://impacttransform.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/IMPACT-Annual-Report-2022-EN_web.pdf", "published": "2023", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "the cobalt supply chain", "locator": "Printed pp.24–25 (PDF pp.26–27), Spotlighted Projects: ASM Cobalt Framework, Her Security, Mapping Payments; legend identifies donors", "summary": "Historical project register: RMI supported framework workshops; EU supported cobalt tax and administrative mapping." }, { "id": "impact-coexisting-launch-2026", "title": "IMPACT Launches Coexisting for Sustainability in Kolwezi", "publisher": "IMPACT", "url": "https://impacttransform.org/knowledge-hub/news/impact-launches-the-coexisting-for-sustainability-project/", "published": "2026-08-26", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "Funded by the Government of Canada, this 24-month project", "locator": "Opening dated August 26, 2026; Three Areas of Action; Next Steps After the Launch", "summary": "Launch confirms copper-cobalt scope in Lualaba/Haut-Katanga. Twenty cooperatives is a target, not an achieved result; no names disclosed." }, { "id": "impact-coexisting-project", "title": "Coexisting for Sustainability", "publisher": "IMPACT", "url": "https://impacttransform.org/knowledge-hub/projects/coexisting-for-sustainability/", "published": null, "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "Stability and Security of Mining Communities in Democratic Republic of Congo", "locator": "Goal, What We Are Doing, Project dates 2026–2028 and Natural Resource: Cobalt & Copper", "summary": "Programme supports ASM–industrial dialogue and cooperative capacity in the southern DRC Lobito corridor; it does not allocate concessions." }, { "id": "impact-her-security-2022", "title": "Her Security: Women’s Security as a Pathway to Improved Livelihoods", "publisher": "IMPACT", "url": "https://impacttransform.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/Her-Security_EN-June-2022-v2.pdf", "published": "2022-06", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "through the Responsible Business Alliance Foundation.", "locator": "PDF pp.2–3: Lualaba field research, implementing partners and final funding paragraph", "summary": "An unnamed RMI member funded the 2022 work through the RBA Foundation; member identity is not inferred." }, { "id": "impact-her-security-2025", "title": "Her Security: Promoting Due Diligence and Improving Women’s Security", "publisher": "IMPACT", "url": "https://impacttransform.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Her-Security-June-2025_EN.pdf", "published": "2025-02", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "The implementation of the project is supported by the Responsible Minerals Initiative and Bloom by IMPACT.", "locator": "PDF p.1 EU funding; p.7 About the Implementing Partners and In Collaboration With; p.8 Canadian headquarters", "summary": "Cover date February 2025 differs from June filename. Roles distinguish implementation, collaboration and support." }, { "id": "impact-her-security-phase1", "title": "Her Security – Phase 1", "publisher": "IMPACT", "url": "https://impacttransform.org/knowledge-hub/projects/her-security-phase-1/", "published": null, "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "Bon Pasteur, Good Shepherd International Foundation", "locator": "Project Date (Start)/(End), 2022–2023; Partners section", "summary": "Completed research phase, separate from the 2024–2028 implementation programme." }, { "id": "impact-her-security-project", "title": "Her Security", "publisher": "IMPACT", "url": "https://impacttransform.org/knowledge-hub/projects/her-security/", "published": null, "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "Bon Pasteur, EITI-DRC", "locator": "Project dates 2024–2028; Partners section; What We Are Doing", "summary": "Current programme addresses women’s livelihoods and due diligence in artisanal copper-cobalt communities." }, { "id": "jinchuan-mines", "title": "Mining Operations", "publisher": "Jinchuan International", "url": "https://www.jinchuan-intl.com/en/business_overview/mining_operations.aspx", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "Ruashi Copper-Cobalt Mine, the Musonoi Copper-Cobalt Mine", "locator": "Mining Operations, first paragraph" }, { "id": "jinchuan-musonoi-commercial-2025", "title": "Annual results for the year ended 31 December 2025", "publisher": "Jinchuan International", "url": "https://www.jinchuan-intl.com/document/2026040900057.pdf", "published": "2026-04-09", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "commencement of commercial production at the Musonoi Mine in November 2025", "locator": "Page27, Outlook. Subsequent sentence lists copper cathode, cobalt hydroxide and calcine sand as primary products." }, { "id": "jogmec-kasulo-2021", "title": "DR Congo: EGC discusses artisanal cobalt procurement with Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt", "publisher": "JOGMEC", "url": "https://journal.jogmec.go.jp/metal/news-flash/news-flash_45675.html", "published": "2021-10-01", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "同鉱山との取引に係る既存の権利を主張している", "locator": "Article dated 1 October 2021, main body paragraph, fourth sentence (CDM trading-rights clause); HTML article, no page number.", "summary": "JOGMEC reports a dispute over planned EGC purchases from Kasulo, where Huayou subsidiary CDM asserted existing trading rights. This historical report does not establish EGC purchases.", "passageType": "verbatim excerpt", "summaryType": "paraphrase" }, { "id": "lloyds-chemaf-completed-2026", "title": "Completion of acquisition of the CHEMAF Group by Virtus Lloyds Minerals Holding", "publisher": "Lloyds Metals and Energy", "url": "https://lloyds.in/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/20260330_Intimation_of_accquisition_of_Chemaf.pdf", "published": "2026-03-30", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "VLMH has completed the acquisition 100% equity stake of the CHEMAF Group Limited", "locator": "PDF p1 completion and Cayman incorporation; pp3–5 acquired group, Chemaf SA, Etoile operating and Mutoshi construction; p4 designated operator LMEL.", "aliasIds": [], "additionalLocators": [] }, { "id": "mercuria-egc-first-2026", "title": "Mercuria purchases first Copper and Cobalt from Entreprise Générale du Cobalt", "url": "https://mercuria.com/mercuria-purchases-first-copper-and-cobalt-from-entreprise-generale-du-cobalt-egc/", "published": "2026-02-09", "passage": "its first copper and cobalt transaction with Entreprise Générale du Cobalt", "locator": "Opening paragraph. Named destinations later in release concern copper cathodes, not cobalt. Full body directly fetched after web-tool timeout.", "publisher": "Mercuria", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "mercuria-kasulo-mou-2026", "title": "Mercuria and EGC Sign Strategic MOU to Develop Responsible Cobalt Supply Chain in the DRC", "url": "https://mercuria.com/mercuria-and-egc-sign-strategic-mou-to-develop-gold-standard-responsible-cobalt-supply-chain-in-the-drc/", "published": "2026-03-26", "passage": "to collaborate on the formalization and development of the Kasulo mine site in Kolwezi", "locator": "Opening paragraph. Event dateline 25 March; web publication 26 March. Full body directly fetched; MoU does not establish deliveries.", "publisher": "Mercuria", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "metorex-musonoi", "title": "Musonoi Project", "publisher": "Metorex", "url": "https://www.metorexgroup.com/businesses/projects/musonoi-project/", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "a cobalt recovery system", "locator": "Project construction scope; underground mining and processing facilities" }, { "id": "mmg-cobalt-inventory-2026", "title": "First Quarter Production Report 2026", "publisher": "MMG", "url": "https://www.mmg.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/e_2026-04-21_1QTR-Production-Report.pdf", "published": "2026-04-21", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "Cobalt production remains on hold as the plant is in care and maintenance.", "locator": "Page7, Kinsevere 2026 Outlook; preceding sentence says exports resumed from on-site inventory, separate from production." }, { "id": "mmg-cobalt-pause", "title": "Fourth Quarter Production Report 2025", "publisher": "MMG", "url": "https://www.mmg.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/e_2026-01-22_4QTR-Production-Report.pdf", "published": "2026-01-22", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "Cobalt production in the fourth quarter remained nil", "locator": "Kinsevere Quarterly and Full-Year 2025 Operational Performance; cobalt plant care and maintenance throughout 2025" }, { "id": "mmg-first-cobalt", "title": "Fourth Quarter Production Report 2023", "publisher": "MMG", "url": "https://www.mmg.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/e_2024-01-30_4QTR-Production-Report.pdf", "published": "2024-01-30", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "The cobalt plant was commissioned in the fourth quarter, and the first production of cobalt hydroxide was achieved.", "locator": "Kinsevere expansion project update" }, { "id": "nashiriki-afrewatch", "title": "AFREWATCH — Nashiriki Champion", "publisher": "Nashiriki", "url": "https://nashiriki.com/champions/afrewatch/", "published": null, "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "Founded in Lubumbashi in 2013", "locator": "Opening: copper-cobalt belt of Haut-Katanga and Lualaba; Where They Work", "summary": "Public champion profile; geographic and commodity scope establish admission, without inferring mine-specific or supply relationships." }, { "id": "nashiriki-bon-pasteur", "title": "Bon Pasteur Kolwezi — Nashiriki Champion", "publisher": "Nashiriki", "url": "https://nashiriki.com/champions/bon-pasteur/", "published": null, "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "Bon Pasteur Kolwezi", "locator": "Opening profile and Where They Work: Kolwezi, Lualaba; opening confirms cobalt child-protection work", "summary": "Public champion profile; geographic and commodity scope establish admission, without inferring mine-specific or supply relationships." }, { "id": "nashiriki-dyfren", "title": "DYFREN — Nashiriki Champion", "publisher": "Nashiriki", "url": "https://nashiriki.com/champions/dyfren/", "published": null, "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "The Dynamique des Femmes sur les Ressources Naturelles (DYFREN) was built by women of the copper-cobalt belt", "locator": "Opening paragraph; Where They Work: Haut-Katanga and Lualaba, Lubumbashi headquarters", "summary": "Public champion profile; geographic and commodity scope establish admission, without inferring mine-specific or supply relationships." }, { "id": "nashiriki-hdd", "title": "Holistic Due Diligence Framework for Energy Transition Minerals", "publisher": "Nashiriki", "url": "https://nashiriki.com/projects/eprm/", "published": null, "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "A coalition of implementers, partners and observers.", "locator": "Who’s involved: EPRM/TMB sponsors, FCA partner, Umicore observer, Hive coordinator, La Sentinelle implementer", "summary": "Programme participation roles only; Umicore observation is not a purchase or offtake." }, { "id": "nashiriki-la-sentinelle", "title": "La Sentinelle — Nashiriki Champion", "publisher": "Nashiriki", "url": "https://nashiriki.com/champions/la-sentinelle/", "published": null, "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "Research on women’s place in the artisanal cobalt supply chain of Lualaba", "locator": "Opening: copper/cobalt belt Lubumbashi, Kipushi, Kolwezi, Fungurume; What They Do, research highlight", "summary": "Public champion profile; geographic and commodity scope establish admission, without inferring mine-specific or supply relationships." }, { "id": "raid-beneath-green-2024", "title": "Beneath the Green: A critical look at the cost of industrial cobalt mining in the DRC", "publisher": "RAID", "url": "https://raid-uk.org/post-library/report-beneath-the-green/", "published": "2024-03-27", "dateChecked": "2026-09-17", "passage": "authored by UK corporate watchdog RAID and DRC-based African Resources Watch", "locator": "Opening, paragraph 2: joint authorship and research around Kolwezi", "summary": "Corroborates AFREWATCH’s cobalt research in southern DRC; findings remain attributed to authors." }, { "id": "raid-environment-2024", "title": "Beneath the Green: industrial cobalt mining", "publisher": "RAID / AFREWATCH", "url": "https://raid-uk.org/report-environmental-pollution-human-costs-drc-cobalt-demand-industrial-mines-green-energy-evs-2024/", "published": "2024-03-27", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "Tenke Fungurume Mining (owned by CMOC); Metalkol (Eurasian Resources Group)", "locator": "Further background; all five operations and parent groups identified" }, { "id": "raid-labour-2025", "title": "Workers’ Rights Under Scrutiny", "publisher": "RAID / CAJJ", "url": "https://raid-uk.org/post-library/workers-rights-under-scrutiny/", "published": "2025-07-17", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "China Nonferrous Metal Mining Company’s Somidez mine", "locator": "Second paragraph listing six operations and groups" }, { "id": "semafor-chemaf-operations-2026", "title": "US-backed DRC miner strikes deal to cut debt", "publisher": "Semafor", "url": "https://www.semafor.com/article/07/29/2026/us-backed-drc-miner-strikes-deal-to-cut-debt-by-more-than-half", "published": "2026-07-29", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "The miner remains out of production, with Etoile, its main operating plant near Lubumbashi, still shut", "locator": "Know More, final paragraph. Earlier paragraph describes unfinished Mutoshi. Independent reporter reviewed company documents and interviewed workers’ union.", "aliasIds": [], "additionalLocators": [] }, { "id": "trade-amnesty-cobalt-news-2016", "title": "Child labour behind smart phone and electric car batteries", "publisher": "Amnesty International", "url": "https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2016/01/Child-labour-behind-smart-phone-and-electric-car-batteries/", "published": "2016-01-19", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "Huayou Cobalt supplies cobalt to three lithium-ion battery component manufacturers Ningbo Shanshan and Tianjin Bamo from China and L&F Materials from South Korea.", "locator": "Following the supply chain – corporate shame. The next sentence dates the purchases to 2013. Same investigation as trade-amnesty-cobalt-report-2016, not independent corroboration." }, { "id": "trade-amnesty-cobalt-report-2016", "title": "This is what we die for: Human rights abuses in the DRC power the global trade in cobalt", "publisher": "Amnesty International and Afrewatch", "url": "https://www.amnesty.org/en/srv/htdocs/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/AFR6231832016ENGLISH.pdf", "published": "2016-01-19", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "CDM is a wholly and directly owned subsidiary of Huayou Cobalt.", "locator": "Printed page 52 (PDF page 52), From Congo to China; printed page 56 (PDF page 56), battery-component clients. Historical evidence cites 2013–2014 company documents." }, { "id": "trade-che-maf-trafigura-2022", "title": "Shalina Resources concludes financing and marketing transaction with Trafigura", "publisher": "Trafigura", "url": "https://www.trafigura.com/news-and-insights/press-releases/2022/shalina-resources-ltd-concludes-significant-financing-and-marketing-transaction-with-trafigura-enabling-new-supplies-of-cobalt-hydroxide-and-copper-cathode-at-a-time-of-growing-global-demand/", "published": "2022-01-19", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "The agreements also provide for the marketing by Trafigura of all the cobalt hydroxide produced from these assets operated by Chemaf,", "locator": "Press release paragraphs 1–5 and About Shalina Resources; assets identified as Mutoshi and Etoile in paragraph 2." }, { "id": "trade-cmoc-h1-2021", "title": "CMOC Releases Results for H1 2021", "publisher": "CMOC", "url": "https://en.cmoc.com/html/2021/News_0823/47.html", "published": "2021-08-23", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "the purchase of 23.75% equity in KFM copper and cobalt mines for a consideration of USD137.5 million by Ningbo Brunp, a CATL subsidiary,", "locator": "Business highlights, cooperation along new-energy value chain; purchase described as completed." }, { "id": "trade-cmoc-ixm-tfm-2022", "title": "Delegation of IXM and international banks visit TFM", "publisher": "CMOC", "url": "https://en.cmoc.com/html/2022/News_0525/57.html", "published": "2022-05-25", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "IXM is a leading global metal trader wholly owned by CMOC and is responsible for selling all of TFM's copper and cobalt products.", "locator": "Main article paragraph 1; paragraph 4 discusses warehouse traceability and product arrival at IXM." }, { "id": "trade-cmoc-results-2023", "title": "CMOC Releases 2023 Annual Results", "publisher": "CMOC", "url": "https://en.cmoc.com/html/2024/News_0407/65.html", "published": "2024-04-07", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "KFM project was put into operation in Q1 and reached full production in Q2 as designed.", "locator": "Business highlights; reporting period 2023. Adjacent text describes TFM production lines and IXM trading arm." }, { "id": "trade-egc-evelution-trafigura-mou-2026", "title": "EGC, EVelution Energy and Trafigura sign MOU to establish direct U.S.–DRC cobalt supply chain", "publisher": "Trafigura", "url": "https://www.trafigura.com/news-and-insights/press-releases/2026/entreprise-generale-du-cobalt-evelution-energy-and-trafigura-sign-mou-to-establish-direct-us-drc-cobalt-supply-chain/", "published": "2026-05-13", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "The parties have agreed to advance discussions toward definitive long-term commercial agreements over the coming months.", "locator": "Opening and Planned Commercial Structure; Supporting U.S. Industrial Policy states construction expected early 2027 and completion end 2029." }, { "id": "trade-egc-trafigura-2020", "title": "EGC enters into a trading agreement with Trafigura", "publisher": "Trafigura", "url": "https://www.trafigura.com/news-and-insights/press-releases/2020/egc-enters-into-trading-agreement-with-trafigura/", "published": "2020-11-23", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "Entreprise Générale du Cobalt (“EGC”) has today announced the signing of a trading agreement with Trafigura Pte Ltd (“Trafigura”).", "locator": "Opening paragraph; paragraphs 2–4 describe finance, prospective delivery, technical committee and Mutoshi pilot." }, { "id": "trade-glencore-gem-2019", "title": "China’s GEM Co. Ltd and Glencore extend their long-term strategic cobalt partnership", "publisher": "Glencore", "url": "https://www.glencore.com/media-and-insights/news/Chinas-Gem-Co-Ltd-and-Glencore-extend-their-long-term-strategic-cobalt-partnership", "published": "2019-10-07", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "Under the terms of the agreement, Glencore will provide a minimum of 61,200 tonnes of Cobalt for GEM between 2020 and 2024.", "locator": "Opening two paragraphs; company profile in Notes for Editors." }, { "id": "trade-glencore-orion-mou-2026", "title": "Proposed acquisition by US-backed Orion Critical Mineral Consortium of a strategic stake in Glencore’s DRC assets", "publisher": "Glencore", "url": "https://www.glencore.com/media-and-insights/news/proposed-acquisition-by-us-backed-orion-critical-mineral-consortium-of-a-strategic-stake-in-glencores-drc-assets", "published": "2026-02-03", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "The proposed transaction remains subject to due diligence, the execution of legally binding documentation and any applicable regulatory approvals.", "locator": "Main article paragraphs 1–5; Notes for Editors describe KCC and Mumi operations. No completed acquisition is established by this source." }, { "id": "trade-glencore-samsung-2020", "title": "Samsung SDI and Glencore extend their long term strategic cobalt partnership", "publisher": "Glencore", "url": "https://www.glencore.com/media-and-insights/news/samsung-sdi-and-glencore-extend-their-long-term-strategic-cobalt-partnership", "published": "2020-02-10", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "Glencore has today signed a five year agreement with Samsung SDI for the supply of cobalt hydroxide.", "locator": "Opening three paragraphs: agreement, 2020–2024 period and DRC industrial mining origin." }, { "id": "trade-glencore-umicore-2019", "title": "Umicore and Glencore develop partnership for sustainable cobalt supply in battery materials", "publisher": "Glencore and Umicore", "url": "https://www.glencore.com/dam/jcr:8bf21616-9518-4474-b43a-ed73b2a6488d/201905291000-Umicore-and-Glencore-develop-partnership-for-sustainable-cobalt-supply-in-battery-materials.pdf", "published": "2019-05-29", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "The cobalt will be sourced from Glencore’s state-of-the art industrial mining operations, KCC and Mutanda, located in the DRC.", "locator": "PDF page 1, first paragraph. Explicit origin under an agreement; not evidence of individual shipments." }, { "id": "trade-huayou-cdm-2024", "title": "Chinese embassy minister-counsellor visits Huayou Africa headquarters", "publisher": "Huayou Cobalt", "url": "https://www.huayou.com/news/corporate-news/313", "published": "2024-05-21", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "CDM鲁库尼湿法厂、采矿厂和选矿厂", "locator": "Final article paragraph describes a visit to CDM Lukuni hydrometallurgical, mining and concentrator plants; original Chinese publication." }, { "id": "trade-ixm-presentation-2025", "title": "IXM Corporate Presentation 2025", "publisher": "IXM", "url": "https://www.ixmetals.com/files/ixm-corporate-presentation.pdf", "published": "2025", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "IXM is part of the CMOC group", "locator": "Printed page 6 (PDF page 4), Introduction; pp. 10, 14–18 and 26 describe cobalt trading, geographic footprint, initiatives and logistics." }, { "id": "trade-pact-mutoshi-2019", "title": "The Mutoshi pilot project: Local economic impact of a project aimed at formalizing artisanal and small-scale mining", "publisher": "Pact", "url": "https://www.pactworld.org/library/mutoshi-pilot-project-local-economic-impact-project-aimed-formalizing-artisanal-and-small?page=1", "published": "2019-12-03", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "A pilot project was initiated in January 2018 and is ongoing.", "locator": "Report landing-page introduction; names Trafigura, Chemaf, COMIAKOL and Pact as participants. Report commissioned by Trafigura: not independent corroboration of the sponsor." }, { "id": "trade-pact-mutoshi-suspended-2020", "title": "Update on Mutoshi Pilot Project", "publisher": "Pact", "url": "https://www.pactworld.org/news/update-mutoshi-pilot-project", "published": "2020-06-22", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "operations at the Mutoshi Pilot Project were suspended in March 2020.", "locator": "Only article paragraph; reports still closed on publication date." }, { "id": "trade-resource-pilot-2021", "title": "EV supply chain majors pilot Re|Source, a blockchain solution for end-to-end cobalt traceability", "publisher": "Glencore", "url": "https://www.glencore.com/media-and-insights/news/ev-supply-chain-majors-pilot-relsource-a-blockchain-solution-for-end-to-end-cobalt-traceability", "published": "2021-05-20", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "Founded by CMOC, ERG and Glencore and launched in 2019, Re|Source was later joined by Umicore,", "locator": "Main article consortium history and pilot description. Participation does not prove a bilateral commercial supply flow." }, { "id": "trade-trafigura-annual-2021", "title": "Trafigura Annual Report 2021", "publisher": "Trafigura", "url": "https://www.trafigura.com/media/w2mjorhp/2021_trafigura_annual_report.pdf", "published": "2021", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "Trafigura also continues to supply its customers with cobalt hydroxide from its long-term commercial collaborator Shalina Resources", "locator": "Printed page 24 (PDF page 26), Cobalt; also states Mutoshi pilot did not restart in 2021." }, { "id": "trade-trafigura-responsibility-2018", "title": "Trafigura Responsibility Report 2018", "publisher": "Trafigura", "url": "https://www.trafigura.com/media/etcejrjl/2018_trafigura_responsibility_report_en.pdf", "published": "2018", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "In 2018, Trafigura signed a three-year cobalt hydroxide marketing agreement with mining company, Chemaf.", "locator": "Printed page 21 (PDF page 23), From ASM to semi-mechanised mining at Mutoshi Cobalt; following paragraphs describe COMIAKOL and Pact roles." }, { "id": "usgs-drc-2024", "title": "Congo (Kinshasa): 2024 mineral industry report", "publisher": "USGS", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/national-minerals-information-center/congo-kinshasa", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "Kamoto Copper Co., a joint venture between Katanga Mining Ltd. (a subsidiary of Glencore plc.) and Gécamines", "locator": "2024 Report > Commodity Review > Cobalt and Copper, paragraphs by operator" }, { "id": "zijin-kolwezi", "title": "Kolwezi Copper Mine", "publisher": "Zijin Mining", "url": "https://www.zijinmining.com/global/program-detail-71736.htm", "dateChecked": "2026-09-16", "passage": "In early 2024, Zijin transferred a 5% interest in the asset to the DRC government, retaining a 67% stake post-transfer.", "locator": "Kolwezi; ownership, mining methods and M&A" } ], "gaps": [ { "intake": "core-evidence", "note": "Sources were fetched on 2026-09-16. Dates on older claims retain the source period; checked date is not a fresh operational attestation." }, { "intake": "core-evidence", "note": "Corporate descriptions are attributed; NGO report links provide independent context, not blanket corroboration of every claim." }, { "intake": "core-evidence", "note": "No estimated coordinates or implied transitive material flows are asserted." }, { "intake": "core-evidence", "note": "QA 2026-09-16: Chemaf group acquisition completed March2026, Etoile reported shut July2026; Mutoshi industrial development must not inherit artisanal pilot activity." }, { "intake": "core-evidence", "note": "QA 2026-09-16: Kinsevere cobalt exports from inventory are not production; Musonoi commercial production is reported since November2025." }, { "intake": "core-evidence", "note": "Country fields mix corporate base, incorporation and mine location. They must not be labelled legal domicile without separate verification. VLMH Cayman incorporation is directly in the March2026 filing." }, { "intake": "core-evidence", "note": "Source independence: USGS 2024 operator paragraphs cite corporate reporting and DRC Ministry statistics; do not treat them as independently measured corroboration of those same corporate figures." }, { "intake": "site-inventory", "note": "20 of the 22 mining sites are copper-cobalt-sector register entries, not independently proven cobalt-producing sites. Keep the commodity caveat visible and do not describe all 22 as confirmed cobalt mines." }, { "intake": "site-inventory", "note": "Table 22 is a title-occupation register, not an ownership/operator register. No title-holder-to-site OWNS or OPERATES edges were created." }, { "intake": "site-inventory", "note": "Bridon title grouping is ambiguous in linearized text; title omitted. Kasenga/Pweto/Mushima tail excluded. Site names were not converted to coordinates." }, { "intake": "site-inventory", "note": "Biwaya title differs between Table 22 (PE2605), Table 27 (PE11229), and Annex II (PE9687/PE11229); unresolved." }, { "intake": "site-inventory", "note": "Kawama Shabara title differs between Table 22/27 (PE658) and Annex II (PE858); unresolved." }, { "intake": "site-inventory", "note": "Kayebela/Kaebele and Lenge title differences between Table 22 (PE2608) and Annex II (PE658) remain unresolved; no silent title correction." }, { "intake": "site-inventory", "note": "Mutoshi artisanal workings on PE2604 must not be silently merged with the industrial Chemaf Mutoshi project or the 2018–2020 pilot footprint; report-specific cooperative links retained." }, { "intake": "site-inventory", "note": "Tilwezembe appears as TILWENZEMBE CMKK / TILWEMBE INTER in Table 22 and TILWEZEMBE in Table 27. This entry uses the broader named site; distinct sub-sites are not merged into separate claims." }, { "intake": "site-inventory", "note": "CODMCO ESPOIR is spelt CMDCO ESPOIR in Annex II. CMBRD appears as CMBRDSCOPS later. No inferred legal-name expansion." }, { "intake": "site-inventory", "note": "Tables 22 and 27 disagree on Tshipuki title holder (GCM/CMT), and Annex II has TSHIPUKU/UMC. No title-holder ownership edge or TSHIPUKU identity merge." }, { "intake": "site-inventory", "note": "Thomas is an unresolved buyer identity, not a verified company registration." }, { "intake": "site-inventory", "note": "Most evidence is one public original (ITIE-RDC). Separate locators within it must never count as independent corroboration." }, { "intake": "site-inventory", "note": "Current operations and shipping volumes were not verified. Production/effectif figures were omitted because timing, units or contradictory tables make them unsafe as current facts." }, { "intake": "site-inventory", "note": "EITI PDF opened as text; screenshot retrieval timed out. Trafigura/FCA PDF retrieval also returned internal errors. Those failed-fetch PDFs are not used as evidence." }, { "intake": "trade-evidence", "note": "All source pages and PDFs listed above were opened and read; search-only URLs were excluded." }, { "intake": "trade-evidence", "note": "Corporate announcements establish what was announced. They do not independently establish performance, current contract validity, or actual shipment volumes." }, { "intake": "trade-evidence", "note": "Pact’s 2019 Mutoshi report was commissioned by Trafigura; the two Amnesty records share the same underlying investigation. Source counts must not be treated as independent-source counts." }, { "intake": "trade-evidence", "note": "Mutoshi artisanal pilot is separate from the industrial development; historical pilot edges end in March 2020, while the 2022 industrial schedule is only a historical forecast." }, { "intake": "trade-evidence", "note": "Glencore–GEM and Glencore–Samsung contract periods ended in 2024. No renewal was established in this pass." }, { "intake": "trade-evidence", "note": "Glencore–Orion 2026 document is a nonbinding proposed acquisition, so no Orion ownership edges were added." }, { "intake": "trade-evidence", "note": "No KFM–IXM supply edge is inferred merely from group ownership or the IXM geographic map. No mine-to-consumer brand edges are inferred from the Amnesty chain." }, { "intake": "trade-evidence", "note": "KCC is a legal operating company rather than an individual mine; avoid merging it automatically with Kamoto mine." }, { "intake": "trade-evidence", "note": "Entity countries denote operating country for mines and approximate corporate base for actors, not verified legal incorporation; country source coverage is weaker than relationship evidence." }, { "intake": "trade-evidence", "note": "Future schedule dates and source-publication dates are distinct from dateChecked. Sources with only a reporting year preserve year precision; the CMOC operating page is explicitly undated." }, { "intake": "trade-evidence", "note": "Pact is classified initiative within the supplied vocabulary, but is legally an NGO. Samsung SDI and three component producers use the approved manufacturer kind." }, { "intake": "trade-evidence", "note": "KCC and Mutanda 2019 Umicore links use PLANNED_ORIGIN_FOR, not a separately mine-signed offtake contract. The Mutoshi artisanal pilot has a separate initiative node." }, { "intake": "trade-evidence", "note": "The IXM 2025 corporate presentation was removed from TFM/KFM source lists: the map names them but does not evidence a mine-specific commercial flow." }, { "intake": "gecamines-evidence", "note": "Parent-curator public-source check. Country means operating/base geography, not verified legal domicile. The two Mercuria pages fetched directly by public unauthenticated HTTPS after web renderer timeouts; both bodies inspected." }, { "intake": "gecamines-evidence", "note": "Joint allocation does not prove a cobalt-specific quantity for either trader. Source date conflict remains visible." }, { "intake": "gecamines-evidence", "note": "EGC February transaction cannot be attributed to Kasulo from a later March MoU; no transitive flow generated." }, { "intake": "civil-society-evidence", "note": "Programme partnerships are reported roles, not evidence of commodity deliveries or independently verified programme effectiveness." }, { "intake": "civil-society-evidence", "note": "AFREWATCH and DYFREN have no accepted programme or site relationship in this snapshot; their southern DRC cobalt relevance is documented without inventing an edge." }, { "intake": "civil-society-evidence", "note": "Coexisting for Sustainability targets twenty cooperatives; no named cooperative relationships were established in the accepted sources." }, { "intake": "civil-society-evidence", "note": "DYFREN’s geographic and cobalt scope currently rests on one Nashiriki champion profile." }, { "intake": "civil-society-evidence", "note": "Some programme participants have an unestablished legal domicile; the dataset records Not established rather than guessing from a role." } ] }